اثر افزودن نانوذرات زیرکونیا بر ریزساختار و عملکرد فیلتراسیون نانوغشای نایلون۶ به‌منظور حذف آرسنیک از منابع آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار، گروه مهندسی مواد، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

2 کارشناس ارشد، گروه مهندسی مواد، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

3 کارشناسی، گروه مهندسی مکانیک، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه بوعلی سینا، همدان، ایران

4 کارشناس ارشد، معاون بهره‌برداری و توسعه آب شرکت آب و فاضلاب ملایر، شهرستان ملایر، ملایر، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به کمبود منابع آب و خشک‌سالی‌های پیاپی، تأمین آب آشامیدنی سالم یکی از ضرورت‌های جوامع امروز بشری است. آرسنیک عنصری سمّی است که در مقدار بیش از حد مجاز در آب آشامیدنی و با مصرف درازمدت آن، عارضه‌های جدی همچون سرطان بروز می‌کند. در این پژوهش، به بررسی حذف آرسنیک به کمک نانوغشای تک‌فاز نایلون۶ و هیبرید نایلون۶/ زیرکونیا پرداخته ‌شد. به کمک روش نوین الکتروریسی نانوغشای تک‌فاز نایلون۶ و هیبرید نایلون۶/ زیرکونیا سنتز شدند. به کمک میکروسوپ الکترونی روبشی، طیف‌سنج افت انرژی پرتو ایکس و طیف‌سنج فروسرخ فوریه ریزساختار و حضور نانوذرات زیرکونیا در غشا بررسی شد. همچنین خواص مکانیکی نانوغشاها نیز بررسی شد. مقدار پتانسیل زتا (ξ) به‌عنوان عامل مهم در جذب آرسنیک اندازه‌گیری شد. فرایند فیلتراسیون با فشار ثابت 8۲/0 بار و با غلظت اولیه آرسنیک برابر 05/0 میلی‌گرم در لیتر انجام شد. مشخصه‌یابی نانوغشای تک‌فاز نایلون۶ و نانوغشای هیبرید نایلون 6/ زیرکونیا نشان داد که متوسط قطر الیاف در دو نانوغشای فوق به‌ترتیب برابر 15±163 و nm  38±180 است. همچنین حضور نانوذرات زیرکونیا در نانوغشای هیبرید به‌کمک نتایج طیف‌سنجی فروسرخ تأیید شد. پتانسیل زتا نانوذرات زیرکونیا به‌عنوان عامل کلیدی در ایجاد نیروی محرکه برای جذب آرسنیک اندازه‌گیری شد. مقدار پتانسیل زتا برابر mV14- در محیط آب با pH خنثی محاسبه شد. نتایج آزمون تنش-کرنش نشان داد استحکام کشش نانوغشای تک‌فاز نایلون۶ و نانوغشای هیبرید نایلون 6/ زیرکونیا به‌ترتیب برابر 6/9 و MPa 1/3 است. عملکرد فیلتراسیون هر دو غشا ارزیابی و مشخص شد که ضریب بهره‌وری نانوغشای تک‌فاز نایلون۶ برابر 01/25 درصد و نانوغشای نایلون 6/ زیرکونیا 61/31 درصد است. برازش مدل‌های انسداد روی نتایج آزمایشگاهی نشان داد که مدل انسداد میانی مدل حاکم است. با توجه به ضریب بهره‌وری بهینه 61/31 درصد برای حذف آرسنیک و با توجه به یافته‌های این پژوهش مشخص شد که افزودن نانوذرات زیرکونیا به دیواره‌های نانوالیاف نایلون۶ می‌تواند باعث تقویت فرایند فیلتراسیون برای حذف آرسنیک از منابع آب شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Incorporation of Zirconia Nanoparticles on Microstructure and Filtration Performance of Nylon 6 Nanomembrane to Remove the Arsenic from the Water Resources

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hamid Esfahani 1
  • Saba Afza 2
  • Soroosh Azartakin 3
  • Hananeh Mozafarnia 2
  • Fatemeh Bakhtiar Gonbadi 2
  • Ahad Ahadi Iman 4
1 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Materials Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
2 MSc., Dept. of Materials Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Bachelor of Science, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, Engineering Faculty, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran
4 MSc., Vice President of Water Development and Operation of Malayer Water and Wastewater Company, Malayer, Iran
چکیده [English]

Supplying safe drinking water is one of the necessary actions of today's human societies because of the lack of water resources and successive droughts. Arsenic is a toxic element that can cause serious problems such as cancer if its amount was higher than the allowed limit, and it is used for the long term. In this study, the removal of arsenic by monolithic nylon 6 and hybrid nylon 6/zirconia nanomembrane was investigated. The monolithic nylon 6 and hybrid nylon 6/zirconia NMs were synthesized using a novel electrospinning method. The microstructure and presence of zirconia nanoparticles were evaluated by means of scanning electron microscope, X-ray energy dissipation spectrometer and Fourier transform infrared spectrometer. The mechanical properties of NMs were investigated. The value of zeta potential (ξ) was measured as an important factor in arsenic absorption. The filtration process was performed with a constant pressure of 0.82 bar and with an initial concentration of arsenic equal to 0.05 mg/L. Characterization of monolithic nylon 6 and hybrid nylon 6/zirconia nanomembrane (NMs) showed that the average fiber diameter was 163 ± 15 nm and 180 ± 38 nm, respectively. Also, the presence of zirconia nanoparticles within the hybrid NMs was confirmed by infrared spectroscopy analysis. The zeta potential of zirconia NPs was measured as a key factor to create the driving force for arsenic adsorption. The value of zeta potential was calculated as -14 mV at the neutral pH. The results of the stress-strain test showed that the tensile strength of monolithic nylon 6 and hybrid nylon 6/zirconia NMs is equal to 6.9 and 3.1 MPa, respectively. The filtration performance of both membranes was evaluated and it was found that the efficiency coefficient of monolithic nylon 6 and hybrid nylon 6/zirconia NMs is 25.01% and 31.61%., respectively. The fitting of blockage models on the experimental data showed that the intermediate blockage model was the dominant model. According to the 31.61% performance of arsenic removal, and also due to the findings of this research it is confirmed that the incorporation of zirconia NPs into the nylon 6 NFs can enhance the filtration ability to remove arsenic from the water sources.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Arsenic
  • Electrospinning
  • Filtration
  • Hybrid Nanomembrane
  • Zeta Potential
  • Zirconia

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 34، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 146
مرداد و شهریور 1402
صفحه 72-88

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