ساخت آزمایشگاهی حسگر میکربی اندازه‌گیری BOD نمونه‌های پساب صنعتی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی شیمی، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

2 استادیار بیوتکنولوژی محیط زیست، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 دانشیار، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

چکیده

 در این تحقیق یک حسگر میکربی برای اندازه گیری BOD طراحی شد. در ساختار این حسگر از یک سلول کلارک به‌عنوان ترانسفورماتور و از لجن فعال تهیه شده از تصفیه‌خانه آب و فاضلاب شاهین شهر اصفهان به‌عنوان شناساگر حسگر استفاده شد. نتایج مربوط به کالیبراسیون حسگر نشان می‌دهد رابطه خطی بین اختلاف جریان الکتریکی و غلظت محلول استاندارد گلوکز- گلوتامیک اسید، تا مقدار BOD5 برابر با 50 میلی‌گرم اکسیژن در لیتر برقرار است. مقدار BOD فاضلابهای ورودی و پسابهای خروجی از واحدهای تصفیه‌خانه شرکت مواد غذایی آردینه، شاهین‌شهر اصفهان و شرکت پگاه اصفهان توسط حسگر اندازه‌‌گیری شد. مقایسه نتایج به‌دست آمده از حسگر و نتایج حاصل از روش استاندارد BOD5 نشان داد میانگین درصد خطای اندازه‌گیری BOD نمونه‌های ذکر شده توسط حسگر، برابر با 6/29 درصد است و نتایج مربوط به ارزیابی پایداری حسگر طراحی شده نشان داد مدت زمان پایداری پاسخ حسگر برابر با 3 روز است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Construction of Microbial-based Biosensor to Measure BOD of Industrial Wastewaters

نویسندگان [English]

  • Behnam Mahdavi 1
  • Hamid Zilouei 2
  • Nourollah Mirghaffari 3
1
2
3
چکیده [English]

In this study a cell-based biosensor for measurement of BOD was designed and developed. Activated sludge collected from wastewater treatment plant of Shahinshahr was used as biological receptor and a Clark cell was used as transducer. According to the results obtained from the sensor calibration, a linear relationship between the current changes and glucose-glutamic acid (GAA) standard concentrations up to 50 mg/L was observed. The BOD values of different industrial wastewaters, inlet and outlet of treatment plant of Ardineh Company (Isfahan), and also  inlet and outlet of domestic wastewater treatment plant of Shahinshahr, and outlet of treatment plant of Pegah Company (Isfahan) were measured using this biosensor. Comparison of the results of this biosensor and the results of the standard BOD test (BOD5) showed that the mean percentage error measured by the sensor was +29.6%. The results concerning the stability of the designed biosensor showed a stability time of 3 days for the response of biosensor.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Microbial-based Biosensor
  • Industrial Wastewater
  • Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD)
  • Activated sludge
  • Flow injection analysis
- Rastogi, S., Kumar, A., Mehra, N. K., Makhijani, S. D., Gangal, V., and Kumar, R. (2003). “Development and characterization of a novel immobilized microbial membrane for rapid determination of biochemical oxygen demand load in industrial wastewater.” Biosens. Bioelectron, 18(1), 23-29.
2- Jia, J., Tang, M., Chen, X., Qi, L., and Dong, S. (2003). “Co-immobilized microbial biosensor for BOD estimation based on sol-gel derived composite material.” Biosens. Bioelectron, 18(8), 1023-1029.
3- Chang, I. S., Jang, J. K., Gil, G. C., Kim, M., Kim, H. J., and Kim, B. H. (2004). “Continuous determination of biochemical oxygen demand using microbial fuel cell type biosensor.” Biosens. Bioelectron, 19(6),
607-613.
4- Oota, S., Hatae, Y., Amada, K., Koya, H., and Kawakami, M. (2010). “Development of mediated BOD biosensor system of flow injection mode for shochu distillery wastewater.” Biosens. Bioelectron, 26(1), 262-266.
5- Lei, Y., Chenb, W., and Mulchandani, A. (2006). “Microbial biosensors.” Anal. Chim. Acta, 568, 200-210.
6- Kumlanghan, A., Kanatharana, P., Asawatreratanakul, P., and Mattiasson, B. (2008). “Microbial BOD sensor for monitoring treatment of wastewater from a rubber latex industry.” Enzyme Microb., Technol., 42(6),
483-491.
7- Velling, S., and Tenno, T. (2009). “Different calibration methods of a microbial BOD sensor for analysis of municipal wastewaters.” Sens. Actuators B., 141(1), 233-238.
8- Karube, I., Matsunga, T., Mitsuda, S., and Suzuki, S. (1977). “Microbial electrode BOD sensors.” Biotechnol. Bioeng., 19(1), 153-157.
9- Hikuma, M., Suzuki, H., Yasuda, T., Karube, I., and Suzuki, S. (1979). “Amperometric estimation of BOD by using living immobilized yeast.” Eur. J. APPL. Microbial. Biotech., 8(4), 289-297.
10- Kulys, J. J., samaline, A.S., and Svirmickas, G. J. S. (1980). “Electron exchange between the enzyme active center and organic metal.” FEBS. Lett., 114 (1), 7-10.
11- Kawabata, N., and Nakmura, N. (1986). “New BOD sensor utilizing a functional polymer which captures microorganisms alive.” In: Abstracts of the International Symposium on New Sensor and Methods for Environmental Characterization, Kyoto, Japan.
12- Riedel, K., Renneberg, R., Kuehn, M., and Sheller, F. (1988). “A fast estimation of biochemical oxygen demand using microbial sensors.” Appl. Microbial Biotech., 28 (3), 316-318.
13- Mahdavi, B. (2012). “Construction and development of cell-based biosensor to measure soluble BOD.” M.Sc. Thesis, Isfahan University of Technology, Iran. (In Persian)
14- Liu, J., Bjornddon, L., and Mattiasson, B. (2000). “Immobilized activated sludge based biosensor for biochemical oxygen demand measurement.” Biosens. Bioelectron, 14(12), 883-893.
15- Liu, J., Olsson, G., and Mattiasson, B. (2004). “Short-term BOD (BODst) as a parameter for on-line monitoring of biological treatment process Part I. A novel design of BOD biosensor for easy renewal of bio-receptor.” Biosens. Bioelectron, 20(3), 562-570.
16- Rastogi, S., Rathee, P., Saxena, T. K., Mehra, N. K., and Kumar, R. (2003). “BOD analysis of industrial effluents: 5 days to 5 min.” Curr. Appl. Phys., 3(2-3), 191-194.
17- Liu, J., and Mattiasson, B. (2002). “Microbial BOD sensors for wastewater analysis.” Water Res., 36(15), 3786-3802.
18- Tan, T. C., and Lim, E. W. C. (2005). “Thermally killed cells of complex microbial culture for biosensor measurement of BOD of wastewater.” Sens. Actuators B., 107(2), 546-551.
19- Nakamura, H., Suzuki, K., Ishikuro, H., Kinoshita, S., Koizumi, R., and Karube, I. (2007). “A new BOD estimation method employing a double-mediator system by ferricyanide and menadione using the eukaryote Saccharomyces cerevisiae.” Talanta, 72(1), 210-216.
20- Bilitewski, U., and Turner, A. P. F. (2000). Biosensors for environmental monitoring, Harwood Academic Publishers, The Netherlands.
21- Dhall, P., Kumar, A., Joshi, A., Saxsena, T. K., Manoharan, A., and Kumar, R. (2008). “Quick and reliable estimation of BOD load of beverage industrial wastewater by developing BOD biosensor.” Sens. Actuators B., 133(2), 478-483.
22- Yoshida, N., Hoashi, J., Morita, T., McNiven, S. J., Nakamura, H., and Karube, I. (2001). “Improvement of a mediator-type biochemical oxygen demand sensor for on-site measurement.” J. Biotechnol., 88(3), 269-275.