بررسی تصفیه آب همراه نفت با استفاده از روش تلفیقی الکتروفنتون- بیوراکتور هوازی گرانولی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی شیمی، گروه مهندسی شیمی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه مهندسی شیمی، واحد تهران شمال، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

چکیده

آب همراه، بزرگترین جریان زائد و آلوده تولیدی در صنایع نفت و گاز متشکل از آلاینده‌های آلی و غیرآلی بوده و اثرات مخرب تخلیه آب تولیدی تصفیه نشده، بر محیط‌زیست و بهداشت جامعه یکی از اساسی‌ترین دغدغه‌های محیط‌زیستی است. امروزه تلفیق فرایندهای اکسیداسیون پیشرفته و تصفیه بیولوژیکی، مورد توجه پژوهشگران است. بررسی رابطه پساب خروجی مرحله پیش‌تصفیه اکسیداسیون پیشرفته و عملکرد بیوراکتور پایین‌دستی به عنوان مرحله نهایی تصفیه می‌تواند به بهینه‌سازی این فرایندها کمک کند. در این پژوهش، در ابتدا تصفیه بیولوژیکی بدون انجام پیش‌تصفیه مورد آزمون قرار گرفت و مشخص شد تخریب‌زیستی به تنهایی برای تصفیه نمونه کفایت نمی‌کند، بنابراین روش ترکیبی الکتروفنتون - تصفیه بیولوژیکی بررسی شد. عمل پیش‌تصفیه توسط الکتروفنتون و تصفیه نهایی در بیوراکتور انجام شد. در راکتور الکتروفنتون از کاتد سنتز شده MCNT-Ce/WO3/GF و کاتالیست هتروژن MWCNT/GO/Fe3O4 استفاده شد. آزمایش حذف BTEX به‌عنوان شبیه‌ساز آب همراه نفت به‌ترتیب با استفاده از بیوراکتور گرانول هوازی، الکتروفنتون و ترکیب آنها انجام شد. پس از بهینه‌سازی متغیرهای pH و زمان، به‌منظور بررسی اثرات متقابل دما، میزان کاتالیزور، جریان اعمالی و فاصله الکترودها، از طرح آزمایشی باکس بنکن و روش سطح پاسخ برای بهینه‌سازی عملکرد سیستم پیشنهادی استفاده شد. آزمایش در شرایط بهینه محاسبه شده برای فرایند تخریب الکتروفنتون انجام شد (دما برابر 30 درجه سلسیوس، میزان کاتالیست mg/L 250، چگالی جریانmA/m2  170 و فاصله الکترود cm1/5). نسبت BOD/COD در این شرایط 41/0 و میزان حذف COD برابر با 5/56 درصد به‌دست آمد. در این شرایط پساب شبیه‌سازی شده وارد بیوراکتور گرانولی شد و تصفیه نهایی نمونه تا 94 درصد انجام شد. آب همراه واقعی به راکتور الکتروفنتون وارد شد و پساب آن به بیوراکتور گرانول هوازی هدایت شد. نتایج نشان داد که الکتروفنتون- بیوراکتور یکپارچه، آلاینده‌های آلی را تا 2/0± 7/92 درصد حذف می‌کند و ویژگی‌های آب همراه تصفیه شده را در محدوده استاندارد محیط‌زیستی نگه می‌دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Study of Produced Water Treatment Using Integrated Electro Fenton – Granular Biological Method

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohammad Ranjbar 1
  • Nasrollah Majidian 2
  • Mohammad Samipoorgiri 2
1 PhD. Student of Chemical Engineering, Dept. of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Chemical Engineering, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Produced water is the largest waste stream in the oil and gas industry. It is a mixture of inorganic and organic pollutants. The harmful effects of discharging untreated produced water on the environment and public health is a challenging concern. Nowadays, the integration of advanced oxidation process and biological treatment is of interest to the researchers. Investigating the relationship between AOP pretreated effluent and subsequent bioreactor performance can help to optimize these systems. In this research, biological treatment was first examined without pretreatment, and it was found that biological degradation alone is incapable of treating the sample, so the integrated method of electro fenton-biological treatment was studied. Electro fenton performed the pretreatment and bioreactor did the final treatment. Synthesized MCNT-Ce/WO3/GF cathode and the MWCNT/GO/Fe3O4 heterogeneous catalyst were used in the electro fenton process. BTEX removal test - as a produced water simulant - was done using aerobic granules bioreactor, electro fenton and their combination, respectively. After optimizing the pH and time variables, in order to study the interactive effects of temperature, catalyst load, applied current and electrodes distance, a Box-Behnken experimental design and response surface methodology were used to optimize the performance of proposed system. The experiment carried out in the calculated optimal conditions for the electro-fenton degradation process (temperature 30 °C, catalyst load 250 mg/L, current density 170 mA/m2 and electrode distance 1.5 cm). The BOD/COD ratio and COD removal was found to be 0.41 and 56.5%, respectively. In these conditions, effluent entered the granular bioreactor and the final COD removal of the sample was done up to 94%. Real produced water was fed into the electro-fenton reactor and its effluent was introduced to the aerobic granular bioreactor, results showed that integrated electro fenton-bioreactor removes organic pollutants up to 92.7± 0.2% and keeps the characteristics of the treated produced water within the environmental standard range.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Produced Water
  • Electro-Fenton
  • Bioreactor
  • Surface Response
  • Aerobic Granule
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