استراتژی‎های مدیریت هدررفت آب شرب در شبکه توزیع آب شهر اصفهان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‎آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مدیریت، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه شیخ بهایی، اصفهان، ایران

2 استادیار، دانشکده مدیریت، دانشگاه شیخ بهایی، اصفهان، ایران

چکیده

هدر رفت آب شرب از شبکه توزیع آب، یکی از مشکلات شرکت‎های آب و فاضلاب در کشورهای مختلف است که بخش قابل توجهی از سود‎آوری این شرکت‎ها را کاهش می‌‏دهد. بنابراین در این پژوهش، استراتژی‎ها و معیارهای ارزیابی آنها برای مدیریت هدر رفت شبکه‌های توزیع آب شناسایی شد، سپس استراتژی‎ها و معیارهای فوق اولویت‏بندی شد و مؤثرترین استراتژی‌ها انتخاب شدند. این پژوهش از نوع کاربردی بود و جمع‎آوری داده‎ها از طریق پرسش‎نامه محقق‎ شد و به روش گلوله برفی بر اساس نظرات 10 نفر از خبرگان شاغل در شرکت آب و فاضلاب استان اصفهان انجام شد. چهار استراتژی مدیریت هدر رفت شبکه توزیع آب که در فرم پرسش‌نامه ارزیابی شدند، بر اساس تعریف کمیته هدر رفت انجمن جهانی آب، انجمن امور آب آمریکا و نظام‌نامه کمیته آب بدون درآمد معاونت راهبری و نظارت بر بهره‌برداری شرکت مهندسی آب و فاضلاب کشور در سال 1399 انتخاب شدند. جمع‎آوری و تحلیل داده‎ها به‌ترتیب با ماتریس مقایسات زوجی و تحلیل سلسله مراتبی توسط نرم‎افزار برگزیده خبره انجام شد. نرخ ناسازگاری پاسخ‌های ارائه شده در پرسش‌نامه‌ها 02/0 بوده و بر این اساس، استراتژی کاهش فشار شبکه با وزن 400/0 به عنوان مؤثرترین و شاخص‎ترین استراتژی در مدیریت هدر رفت شبکه توزیع آب شهر اصفهان تعیین شد. سه استراتژی نشت‌یابی فعال با وزن 259/0، بازسازی شبکه با وزن 175/0 و سرعت و کیفیت حوادث با وزن 167/0 به ترتیب در رتبه‌های بعدی اولویت‌بندی شدند. همچنین معیار تأمین نیازهای مالی با وزن 463/0 در رتبه نخست، معیار تأمین تجهیزات فنی با وزن 289/0 در رتبه دوم، معیار به‌ روزرسانی آموزش با وزن 146/0 در رتبه سوم و معیار تأمین بسترهای قانونی با وزن 102/0 در رتبه چهارم اولویت‌بندی شدند. با افزایش سهم لوله‎گذاری حلقوی در شبکه توزیع و احداث مخازن ذخیره آب در ارتفاعات شمال غربی شهر اصفهان می‌توان استراتژی کاهش فشار شبکه توزیع آب را در مناطق مسطح شهر اصفهان به نحو مطلوب اجرا کرد و هدر رفت شبکه توزیع آب شهر اصفهان را به کمترین حجم ممکن کاهش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Loss Management Strategies of Drinking Water in Water Distribution Network of Isfahan City

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maryam Mokhtari 1
  • Ahmad Reza Akhavan Sarraf 2
1 Former Graduate Student in Management, Dept. of Management, Sheikh Bahaee University, Isfahan, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Management, Sheikh Bahaee University, Isfahan, Iran
چکیده [English]

The loss of drinking water from water distribution network is one of the problems of Water and Sewage Companies worldwide, which reduces a remarkable part of the company's profit. Therefore, the aims of this research are: determination of strategies and their evaluating criteria for the loss management in water distribution network, prioritization of those strategies and criteria as well as selection of the most effective strategy. This study is a practical research and data gathering was performed via researcher-made questionnaires on snowball sampling based on the idea of 10 experts employed in Water and Sewage Company of Isfahan province. Four strategies of water loss management of water distribution network assessed in questionnaires were selected based on the recommendations of International Water Association, American Water Works Association and the regulations of the non-revenue water committee by the deputy directorate and under supervision of the Water and Wastewater Company of Iran, 2020. Data gathering and analyzing were carried out using paired comparison matrix and analytic hierarchy process by the Expert-choice software. The calculated inconsistency ratio of questionnaires was determined to be 0.02, and therefore the most effective strategy of water loss management of Isfahan water distribution network was determined to be the pressure drop strategy with weight of 0.400. Three other strategies of active leak detection weight 0.259, network repair weight 0.175, and speed and quality of emergencies weight 0.167, were prioritized in the next ranks, respectively. Likewise, the criteria of financial supply weight 0.463 in the first rank, the criteria of technical supply weight 0.289 in the second rank, the criteria of training update weight 0.146 in the third rank, and the criteria of legal supply weight 0.102 in the fourth rank, were prioritized. By increasing the ratio of circular intubation in water distribution network and construction of water storage tanks in the northwestern heights of Isfahan, it is practical to develop the pressure drop strategy in flat districts of Isfahan city leading to the minimum water loss of Isfahan distribution network.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Loss
  • Multi Criteria Decision Making
  • Water Distribution Network
  • Apparent Loss
  • Real Loss

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 34، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 144
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1402
صفحه 96-109

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