توسعه ساخت غشای اولترافیلتراسیون کامپوزیت پلیمر پلی وینیلیدین فلوراید با نانوذرات مس (II) اکسید (PVDF/CuO) به‌منظور تصفیه فاضلاب شهری

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه آب، فاضلاب و محیط‌زیست، دانشکده عمران، آب و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه آب، فاضلاب و محیط‌زیست، دانشکده عمران، آب و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد پژوهشی، مرکز آب و فاضلاب، موسسه تحقیقات آب، تهران، ایران

چکیده

گرفتگی بیولوژیکی در غشاهای اولترافیلتراسیون پلیمری یکی از معضلات اساسی فرایندهای غشایی است. در این راستا، نانوذرات CuO با ویژگی‌هایی مانند مقاومت زیاد در برابر عوامل فیزیکی، شیمیایی، بیولوژیکی و همچنین خواص ضدباکتریایی می‌تواند به‌‌عنوان یکی از افزودنی‌های مؤثر در ساخت غشاهای اولترافیلتراسیون کامپوزیتی و کاهش پدیده گرفتی بیولوژیکی محسوب شود. در این پژوهش، به‌منظور افزایش خواص آبدوستی، عدم تمایل به گرفتگی در سطح غشا و بهبود عملکرد تصفیه‌گیری غشای اولترافیلتراسیون از پلیمر PVDF (16 درصد wt)، نانوذره صفحه‌ای شکلCuO  (1 درصد wt) و پلیمرPVP (1 درصد wt) در ساخت غشا به روش وارونگی فاز استفاده شد. برای ارزیابی خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی نانوذره CuO سنتز شده به روش هیدروترمال و غشاهای ساخته شده از آنالیز XRD و FTIR، همچنین برای بررسی مورفولوژی غشا و نانوذره CuO از آنالیز FESEM و TEM استفاده شد. ترکیب نانوذره CuO با ساختار نیمه‌کریستالی پلیمر PVDF سبب بهبود خواص آبدوستی و فاز β در ساختار غشا شد. نتایج ارزیابی‌ها نشان داد که میزان آبدهی و پس‌زنی غشای نانوکامپوزیت CuO به‌ترتیبLMH  357 و 96 درصد بوده است. زاویه تماس در سطح غشای اصلاح شده 59 درجه بود که نسبت به نمونه شاهد 25 درصد خواص آبدوستی سطح آن افزایش داشته است. همچنین، میزان ریکاوری غشای نانوکامپوزیت CuO در حدود 83 درصد بود که نشان‌دهنده تأثیر خواص ضدباکتری این نانوذره بوده است. در نهایت به‌منظور بررسی عملکرد غشای نانوکامپوزیت PVDF/CuO از محلول سنتتیک BSA و نمونه فاضلاب شهری در فیلتراسیون استفاده شد. غشای کامپوزیت PVDF/CuO در گندزدایی و تصفیه فاضلاب کارایی عملکردی بالایی داشت؛ به‌طوری که میزان COD پساب تصفیه شده آن کمتر از mg/L 5 و میزان حذف کدورت و TSS در حدود 99 درصد بوده است و هیچ کلیفرم مدفوعی در آن شناسایی نشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Development of Ultrafiltration Membrane of Polyvinylidine Fluoride Polymer Composite with Copper (II) Oxide Nanoparticles (PVDF/CuO) Fabrication for Municipal Wastewater Treatment

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mahyar Pakan 1
  • Maryam Mirabi 2
  • Alireza Valipour 3
1 PhD. Student, Dept. of Water, Wastewater and Environmental, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. prof., Dept. of Water, Wastewater and Environmental, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 Researcher, Water and Wastewater Research Center (WWRC), Water Research Institute (WRI), Shahid Abbaspour Blvd., Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

The biological fouling in polymer membranes is one of the main challenges in the membrane processes. Accordingly, CuO nanomaterials with properties such as high resistance to physical, chemical, biological agents, as well as antibacterial properties can be considered as one of the effective additives in the fabrication of composite ultrafiltration membranes, and reduce biological fouling. In this study, PVDF (16wt %), PVP (1wt %), CuO nano-plates (1wt %) were used in fabrication membranes (Phase inversion method) to increase hydrophilic properties, to reduce the membrane fouling and improve the ultrafiltration membrane filteration performance. The physical and chemical characterization of CuO nano-plates (synthesized by hydrothermal method) and fabricated membranes evaluated by XRD and FTIR analysis and also FESEM and TEM were used to study the morphology of the samples. The mixture of CuO nanoparticles with the semi-crystalline polymer structure of PVDF improved the β phase in the membrane structure which improved the hydrophilic properties of the membrane feature. The results showed that the flux and rejection of CuO nanocomposite membranes were 357 and 96% LMH, respectively, and the contact angle was about 59 degrees, which increased the hydrophilic properties of the surface by 25% compared to the control sample. The recovery rate of CuO nanocomposite membrane was about 83%, which indicates the effect of antibacterial properties of these nano-plates. Finally, BSA solution and municipal wastewater were used to evaluate the performance of nanocomposite membrane in filtration and purification. PVDF/CuO composite membrane had high efficiency in disinfection and wastewater treatment; The COD of the treated effluent was less than 5 mg/L and the removal of turbidity and TSS was about 99% and no fecal coliforms were detected.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Ultrafiltration
  • Membrane
  • CuO
  • PVDF
  • Municipal Wastewater Treatment

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 33، شماره 3 - شماره پیاپی 140
مرداد و شهریور 1401
صفحه 27-43

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