به‌کارگیری ارزیابی‌چرخه ‌حیات (LCA) در بررسی اثرات محیط‌‌زیستی سامانه نمک‌زدایی کنگان

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

2 استادیار، گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد رودهن، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، رودهن، ایران

چکیده

محدودیت منابع آب شیرین، به‌عنوان مهم‌ترین چالش فراروی مدیریت منابع آب کشور، نمک‌زدایی آب دریا را به‌عنوان یکی از گزینه‌های مناسب در به‌کارگیری منابع آب نامتعارف در برخی مناطق کشور مطرح کرده است. با توجه به عدم درک جامع از اثرات ‌محیط‌‌زیستی سامانه‌های نمک‌زدایی، پژوهش حاضر با هدف بررسی اثرات محیط‌‌زیستی‌ احتمالی سامانه نمک‌زدایی کنگان انجام شد. در این پژوهش، روش ارزیابی چرخه حیات استفاده شد. به‌ نحوی ‌که پس از تهیه لیست کاملی از موجودی مواد و انرژی در تمامی مراحل تولید آب شیرین در سامانه نمک‌زدایی کنگان، با بهره‌گیری از روش ارزیابی Impact 2002+ نسخه (15/2) و نرم‌افزار SimaPro 9 اثرات محیط‌زیستی‌ تمامی مراحل فرایند نمک‌زدایی آب دریا بر طبقات اثر پتانسیل گرمایش جهانی، کاهش انرژی‌های تجدیدناپذیر، تخریب لایه ازن، سمیت در اکوسیستم‌های آبی و خشکی و اثرات سرطان‌زایی بررسی شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده، بیشترین اثر ‌محیط‌‌زیستی مربوط به تغییرات اقلیمی و کاهش منابع اولیه است. به‌طوری که به ازای تولید 1 مترمکعب آب شیرین معادل 224/3 کیلوگرم دی‌اکسید کربن تولید می‌شود و 035/55 مگاژول کاهش در منابع اولیه ایجاد می‌شود. همچنین تأمین انرژی الکتریکی از بین مراحل چرخه نمک‌زدایی آب دریا بیشترین سهم را در ایجاد همه طبقات اثر به جز تخریب لایه ازن و یوتریفیکاسیون نشان داده است. با توجه به سهم حداکثری انرژی در اثرات محیط‌زیستی‌ فرایند نمک‌زدایی آب دریا، به‌کارگیری منابع انرژی تجدیدپذیر می‌تواند نقش به‌سزایی در کاهش اثرات زیست‌محیطی این سامانه‌ها داشته باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Using Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) to Evaluate Environmental Impact of Kangan Desalination Plant

نویسندگان [English]

  • Morteza Bakhshayesh 1
  • Maryam Farahani 2
  • Azita Behbahaninia 2
1 PhD Student, Environment Dept., Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Environment, Roudehen Branch, Islamic Azad University, Roudehen, Iran
چکیده [English]

Freshwater limitation as one of the most important challenges of water resources management of the country has caused seawater desalting to be considered a suitable option for utilizing non-conventional water resources in some parts of the country. Due to the lack of a comprehensive understanding of the environmental impacts of desalination plants, this study was carried out to investigate the potential environmental impacts of the Kangan desalination plant. In this study, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method was used. So, after preparing an inventory of materials and energy at all stages of freshwater production in the Kangan desalination plant, impact 2002+ version (2.15) as impact assessment method and SimaPro9 software were used to investigate environmental impacts of all stages of seawater desalination process on impact categories, including: global warming, reduction of non-renewable energies, ozone layer depletion, aquatic and terrestrial ecotoxicity, etc. Based on the results, most of the environmental impact is related to climate change and reduction of primary resources. So that, 3.224 Kg carbon dioxide equivalent has been released and reduced 55.035 MJ in primary sources to produce 1 m3 of desalinated water. Also, electricity supply through desalination cycle stages had the most contribution on all impact categories except ozone layer depletion and eutrophication. Due to the maximum contribution of energy on environmental impacts of seawater desalination process, utilization of renewable energy sources can play an important role in reducing the environmental impacts of these plants.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Life Cycle Assessment
  • Persian Gulf
  • LCA
  • Desalination
  • Environmental Impact

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 31، شماره 7 - شماره پیاپی 131
بهمن و اسفند 1399
صفحه 15-34

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