عملکرد آند Ti/IrO2-RuO2 در حذف الکتروشیمیایی سفازولین از محلول‌های آبی

زارعی, محمود; قشلاقی, علیرضا; زلفعلی پور, فاطمه

doi:10.22093/wwj.2026.590531.3563

عملکرد آند Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂ در حذف الکتروشیمیایی سفازولین از محلول‌های آبی

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

محمود زارعی ¹

علیرضا قشلاقی ²

فاطمه زلفعلی پور ³

¹ دانشیار، آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی پالایش محیط‌زیست، گروه شیمی کاربردی، دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

² دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی پالایش محیط‌زیست، گروه شیمی کاربردی، دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

³ دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، آزمایشگاه تحقیقاتی پالایش محیط‌زیست، گروه شیمی کاربردی، دانشکده شیمی، دانشگاه تبریز، تبریز، ایران

10.22093/wwj.2026.590531.3563

چکیده

در حال حاضر، حذف آلاینده‌های دارویی از منابع آب و فاضلاب به دلیل ایجاد نگرانی‌های جدی و گسترده زیست‌محیطی و بهداشتی اهمیت روزافزون و قابل‌توجهی یافته است. طی دهه‌های گذشته، روش‌ها و فناوری‌های متعدد و متنوعی به‌منظور حذف آلاینده‌ها از سیستم‌های فاضلاب توسعه یافته است. در این میان، فناوری اکسایش الکتروشیمیایی به‌ عنوان یکی از روش‌های مؤثر و قابل‌اعتماد برای تصفیه فاضلاب‌های با غلظت بالای آلاینده شناخته می‌شود، زیرا این فناوری قادر است آلاینده‌های مقاوم و پایدار را تجزیه کرده و در شرایط مناسب، به ترکیبات معدنی ساده‌ و کم‌خطر مانند آب و دی‌اکسید کربن تبدیل کند. در این پژوهش، کارایی الکترود Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂ به‌عنوان آند در فرایند الکتروشیمیایی برای حذف سفازولین سدیم از محلول‌های آبی ارزیابی شد. به‌منظور مطالعه خصوصیات ساختاری و الکتروشیمیایی آند سنتز شده، از آنالیزهای میکروسکوپ الکترونی روبشی، طیف‌سنجی رامان و آزمون ولتامتری چرخه‌ای استفاده شد. همچنین، تأثیر پارامترهای عملیاتی مؤثر در فرایند اکسایش آندی شامل شدت‌جریان الکتریکی (mA)، pH اولیه، غلظت اولیه دارو (mg/L) و زمان انجام فرایند (min) بر کارایی حذف سفازولین سدیم با استفاده از روش‌شناسی سطح پاسخ به‌صورت جامع بررسی شد. در شرایط بهینه حاصل از مدل شامل شدت‌جریان 500 میلی‌آمپر،pH اولیه 10/5، غلظت اولیه سفازولین سدیم 76/31 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و زمان فرایند 150 دقیقه، حداکثر کارایی حذف پیش‌بینی شده برابر با 28/99 درصد و کارایی حذف تجربی 10/98 درصد به دست آمد. علاوه بر این، نتایج حاصل از تحلیل واریانس، تطابق بالای بین داده‌های تجربی و مدل درجه دوم پیش‌بینی شده را با مقدار ضریب تعیین (R²) برابر با 9210/0 تأیید کرد. در مجموع، نتایج این پژوهش بیانگر آن بود که الکترود سنتز شده Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂ قابلیت مناسبی در تصفیه محلول‌های آبی حاوی سفازولین سدیم دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

فرایندهای اکسایش پیشرفته الکتروشیمیایی

اکسایش آندی

اکسیدهای مخلوط فلزی

روش‌شناسی سطح پاسخ

داروها

Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂

سفازولین

عنوان مقاله English

Performance of Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂ Anode for Electrochemical Removal of Cefazolin from Aqueous Solutions

نویسندگان English

Mahmoud Zarei ¹

Alireza Gheshlaghi ²

Fatemeh Zolfalipour ³

¹ Assoc. Prof., Research Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

² MSc. Graduate, Research Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

³ MSc. Student, Research Laboratory of Environmental Remediation, Dept. of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran

چکیده English

The removal of pharmaceutical pollutants from water and wastewater resources has gained significant attention due to widespread environmental and public health concerns. Over recent decades, various advanced technologies have been explored for treating of pollutants from wastewater systems. Among these, electrochemical oxidation has been recognized as an effective and robust approach for treating high-strength effluents, capable of degrading persistent contaminants into simple, less hazardous mineral species such as and . In this study, a Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂ electrode as the anode and a graphite electrode as the cathode were utilized to evaluate the electrochemical removal of cefazolin sodium in aqueous solutions. The morphological, structural and electrochemical properties of the Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂ anode were characterized via scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, and cyclic voltammetry. Response surface methodology was implemented to evaluate and optimize the influences of key operational parameters, including current intensity (mA), initial pH, initial CFZS concentration (mg/L), and reaction time (min), on CFZS removal efficiency. Under optimum operating - current intensity of 500 mA, initial pH of 5.10, initial CFZS concentration of 31.78 mg/L, and a treatment time of 150 min, maximum CFZS removal efficiency of 99.28% was achieved. Furthermore, in an independent validation experiment conducted at the optimal point, removal efficiency of 98.10% was obtained. Moreover, analysis of variance confirmed a high correlation between experimental data and the predicted second-order quadratic model, with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.9210. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the synthesized Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂ electrode possesses suitable capability for the treatment of aqueous solutions containing CFZS.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Electrochemical Advanced Oxidation Processes

Anodic Oxidation

Response Surface Methodology

Ti/IrO₂-RuO₂

Cefazolin.

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