Resilience assessment of urban water distribution networks (WDNs) is essential for maintaining supply reliability under operational and physical stresses. However, previous studies have often evaluated topological/hydraulic behavior in isolation from managerial, aging, and field operational constraints. To address this gap, this study develops an integrated multidimensional framework coupling dynamic hydraulic modeling with technical-managerial vulnerability assessments. Methodologically, 22 resilience indicators across four dimensions (network design, O&M, GIS/modeling, and technical attributes) were weighted through questionnaires completed by 25 senior water utility experts using normalized Likert scoring, ranking GIS data precision and pipe age as the most critical factors. Concurrently, the WDN of District 2 of Tehran (supplied by Reservoir No. 1 with 111 km of pipes across five pressure zones) was simulated in WaterGEMS via 24-hour Extended Period Simulation (EPS) and Pressure-Driven Demand (PDD). The hydraulic metrics (pressures and velocities) and field indicators were normalized into a 1–5 uniform scale, and the composite Resilience Index (𝑅𝐼R) for each zone was computed using a Weighted Arithmetic Mean (WAM) model. Hydraulic results revealed that while 85.9% of junctions maintained standard pressures (26–50 m), 6.16% experienced pressure deficiencies (<26 m), 0.17% exceeded 60 m, and 70% of pipelines exhibited low velocities (<0.3 m/s), indicating severe water stagnation risks that directly lowered the hydraulic scoring. Across the five zones, 𝑅𝐼 ranged from 3.90 to 4.00 (within the “Good” category). Quantitative zone ranking identified the Iranshar–Valiasr zone (𝑅𝐼=4.00) as the most resilient, whereas Valiasr–Zartosht (𝑅𝐼=3.90) and Reservoir No. 1 zone (𝑅𝐼=3.91) were identified as the most vulnerable sections. Indicator-level disaggregation revealed shallow pipe burial depth, connection deficiencies, and pipe aging as systemic weaknesses across all zones. Consequently, corrective measures were prioritized: (1) dynamic optimization of PRVs in the Valiasr–Zartosht zone to curb leakage, (2) targeted replacement of aged cast iron and asbestos pipes, and (3) routine flushing programs in low-velocity mains to mitigate water quality degradation.