بررسی کارایی فتوکاتالیستی نانو کامپوزیت g-C3N4/TiO2 در تصفیه رنگ ائوزین Y از محلول‌های آبی تحت تابش نور مرئی

ترشابی, اسماعیل; بهرامی فر, نادر; اسماعیلی ساری, عباس

doi:10.22093/wwj.2026.558528.3529

بررسی کارایی فتوکاتالیستی نانو کامپوزیت g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ در تصفیه رنگ ائوزین Y از محلول‌های آبی تحت تابش نور مرئی

مقالات آماده انتشار

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

اسماعیل ترشابی ¹

نادر بهرامی فر ²

عباس اسماعیلی ساری ²

¹ دانشجوی دکترا، گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان، ایران

² استاد، گروه علوم و مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و علوم دریایی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

10.22093/wwj.2026.558528.3529

چکیده

آلودگی آب‌های سطحی و زیرزمینی توسط مواد شیمیایی و فاضلاب، تهدیدی جدی برای سلامت جوامع و اکوسیستم‌ها است. رنگ‌های مصنوعی، آلاینده‌های مقاوم و ساختار سختی دارند. رنگ ائوزین Y که در رنگ‌آمیزی بافت‌ها استفاده می‌شود، معمولاً بدون تصفیه وارد فاضلاب می‌شود و به سلامت انسان و محیط‌زیست آسیب می‌زند. در سال‌های اخیر، استفاده از فتوکاتالیست‌ها به دلیل عملکرد مناسب و سازگاری با محیط‌زیست، موردتوجه ویژه پژوهشگران قرار گرفته است. کربن‌ نیترید گرافیتی به‌عنوان یک فتوکاتالیست غیرفلزی با ویژگی‌هایی مانند پایداری شیمیایی بالا، سمیّت کم، دسترسی آسان و قابلیت فعالیت در نور مرئی شناخته می‌شود. بااین‌حال، این ماده معایبی همچون بازترکیبی سریع الکترون- حفره، نسبت وزن زیاد نسبت به کارایی و جذب کم نور مرئی دارد. برای بهبود عملکرد آن، از پسماند دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم حاصل از فرایند کلاوس در پالایشگاه گازی استفاده شده است. در این پژوهش، تأثیر عوامل مختلفی مانند pH، نسبت دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم به کربن ‌نیترید گرافیتی، دوز فتوکاتالیست و دمای محلول رنگ بر کارایی حذف رنگ بررسی شد. به این صورت که برای بررسی هر فاکتور مقدار 30 میلی‌گرم از فتوکاتالیست سنتز شده در 100 میلی‌لیتر محلول رنگ ائوزین Y تحت تابش لامپ مرئی 200 وات آزمایش شد. تصاویر FESEM نیز حضور نانو ذرات دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم را روی صفحات کربن نیترید گرافیتی تأیید کرده‌اند. گروه‌های عاملی مواد با استفاده از آنالیز FTIR شناسایی شدند. آنالیز DRS نشان داد که نانو کامپوزیت g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ کاهش باند گپ را دارد. حضور عناصر C، N، O و Ti در فتوکاتالیست با آنالیز EDAX تأیید شد. در شرایط بهینه تحت نور مرئی، میزان حذف برای این رنگ بیش از 97 درصد گزارش شد. فتوکاتالیست با نسبت 2 به 1، g-C₃N₄ به TiO₂ پایداری قابل‌توجهی نشان داد و پس از 8 چرخه متوالی توانست بیش از 90 درصد رنگ ائوزین Y را حذف کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

کربن نیترید گرافیتی

دی‌اکسید تیتانیوم

فتوکاتالیست

تصفیه رنگ

نور مرئی

موضوعات

تصفیه

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of the Photocatalytic Performance of g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ Nanocomposite in the Removal of Eosin Y Dye from Aqueous Solutions under Visible Light Irradiation

نویسندگان English

Esmail Torshabi ¹

Nader Bahramifar ²

Abass Esmaili Sari ²

¹ PhD. Student, Dept. of Water Science and Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, Iran

² Prof., Dept. of Environmental Science and Engineering, Faculty of Natural Resources and Marine Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran

چکیده English

Contamination of surface and groundwater by chemicals and wastewater poses a serious threat to human health and ecosystems. Synthetic dyes are persistent pollutants with complex structures. Eosin Y, commonly used for tissue staining, is often discharged into wastewater without treatment, posing risks to both human health and the environment. In recent years, the use of photocatalysts has attracted significant attention due to their effective performance and environmental compatibility. Graphitic carbon nitride is a non-metallic photocatalyst known for properties such as high chemical stability, low toxicity, easy availability, and the ability to operate under visible light. However, this material has drawbacks, including rapid electron–hole recombination, a high weight-to-performance ratio, and low visible-light absorption. To enhance its performance, titanium dioxide waste from the Claus process in gas refineries has been employed. In this study, the effects of various factors such as pH, the titanium dioxide to graphitic carbon nitride ratio, photocatalyst dosage, and dye solution temperature on the dye removal efficiency were investigated. For each factor, 30 mg of the synthesized photocatalyst was tested in 100 mL of Eosin Y solution under irradiation from a 200 W visible-light lamp. FESEM images also confirmed the presence of titanium dioxide nanoparticles on the graphitic carbon nitride sheets. Functional groups of the materials were identified using FTIR analysis. DRS analysis showed that the g-C₃N₄/TiO₂ nanocomposite has a reduced bandgap. The presence of C, N, O, and Ti elements in the photocatalyst was confirmed by EDAX analysis. Under optimal conditions and visible light, the dye removal efficiency exceeded 97%. The photocatalyst with a 2:1 ratio of g-C₃N₄ to TiO₂ demonstrated significant stability, removing more than 90% of Eosin Y after 8 consecutive cycles.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Graphitic Carbon Nitride

Titanium Dioxide

Photocatalyst

Dye Treatment

Visible Light

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