Adsorption of Chromium from Aqueous Solution Using Polyaniline

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors

1 Assist. Prof. of Civil Eng., Faculty of Mechanic and Civil Eng., Islamic Azad University, Khomeinishahr Branch, Isfahan, Iran

2 prof., Faculty of Chemical Eng., Sharif University of Tech., Tehran, Iran

3 Assist. Prof., Faculty of Chemistry, Tabriz University, Tabriz, Iran

4 Assist. Prof., Faculty of Chemistry, Mazandaran University, Babolsar, Iran

Abstract

 New group of polymers have been synthesized that are conductive of electricity so they are called conducting polymers. One of the most conducting polymers is "polyaniline". In the present study, polyaniline was synthesized by oxidizing aniline monomer under strongly acidic conditions using potassium iodate as an initiator of oxidative polymerization. Synthesized polyaniline as a powder used as an adsorbent to remove chromium from aqueous solution. Experiments were conducted in batch mode with variables such as amount of polyaniline, chromium solution pH and adsorbtion isotherms. Due to presence of Cr (III) in solution after using polyaniline, removal mechanism is the combination of surface adsorption and reduction. It seems that polyaniline reduces the Cr(VI) to Cr(III) and adsorbs the Cr(III) and a part of remaining  Cr(VI). It is well known that nitrogen atom in compounds of amine derivative makes co-ordinate bond with positive charge of metals due to the presence of electron in sp3 orbital of nitrogen. The majority of total chromium removal  occurred at 30minute for polyaniline  and the optimum  time for  hexavalent chromium  removal was about 5 min. Polyaniline has the maximum total cheomiume removal at pH, 3-9. The maximum hexavalent chromium removal occurred at acidic pH for polyanilines. The equilibrium adsorption data for polyaniline fitted both Freundlich’s and Langmuir’s isotherms. This research shows that polyaniline can be used as an adsorbent  for removal chromium from aqueous solution.

Keywords

References

Harrison, R.M. (1999). Understanding our environment. Royal Society Chemistry, Edinburgh, UK. Duffus, J. H. (1983). Environment toxicology (Resources and environmental sciences series). Edward Arnold, UK.. Farazmand, A., Orumieh, H. R., and Tashayaouie, H.R. (2005). Determination of heavy metals in the effluent plating units of Isfahan Province. J. of Water and Wastewater. 55, 69-76 Selvaraj, K., Chandramohan, V., and Pattebhi, S. (1997). Removal of hexavalent chromium using distillery sludge. Bioresour. Technol. 89, 207-211 Mozafarian, K., Madaeni, S. S., and Khoshnodie, M. (2007). Evaluating the performance of reverse osmosis in arsenic removal form water. J. of Water and Wastewater. 60, 22-28 Tobin, J. M., and Roux, J. C. (1998). Mucor biosorbent for chromium removal from tanning effluen. Water Research. 32, 1407-1416 Kozlowski, A., and Walkoriak, W. (2002). Removal of chromium (VI) from aqueous solution by polymer inclusion membranes. Water Research. 36, 4870-4876 Liu, M., Zhang, H., Zhang, X., Deng ,U., Liu, W., and Zhan, H. (2001). Removal and recovery of chromium (III) from aqueous solutions by a spheroidal cellulose adsorbent. Water Research. 73, 322-328 Babel, S., and Kurniawan, T.A. (2004). Cr(VI) removal from synthetic wastewater using coconut shell charcoal and commercial activated carbon modified with oxidizing agents and/or chitosan. Chemosphere. 54, 951-967 Kobya, M. (2004). Removal of Cr(VI) from aqueous solutions by adsorption onto hazelnut shell activated carbon: Kinetic and equilibrium studies. Biosour. Technol. 91, 317-321 Ghorabani, F., and Younesi, H. (2009). Biosorption of cadmium (II) ions by Saccharomyces Cerevisiae biomass from aqueous solutions. J. of Water and Wastewater. 68, 33-39 Shamohammadi, Z., Moazed, H., Jafarzadeh, N., and Haghighat Jou, P. (2008). Removal of low concentrations of Cadmium from water using improved rise husk. J. of Water and Wastewater. 67, 27-33 Saeedi, M., Jamshidi, A., Abessi, O., and Bayat, J. (2009). Removal of dissolved cadmium by adsorption onto walnut and almond shell charcoal: Comparison with granular activated carbon (GAC).. J. of Water and Wastewater. 70, 16-22 Mosaferi, M., and Mesdaghinia, A. R. (2005). Removal of arsenic from drinking water suing modified activated alumina. J. of Water and Wastewater. 55, 2-14 Fouladi Fard, R., Azimi, A., and Nabi Bidhendi, Gh. (2008). Cadmium biosorption in a batch reactor using excess municipal sludge powder. J. of Water and Wastewater. 67, 2-8 Srivastava, K., Balasubramanian, N., and Ramakhrisna, T. V. (1988). Studies on chromium removal by rice busk carbon. Indian J. of Environment Health. 30, 376-387 Gupta, V. K., Morhan, D., Sharms, S., and Park, K. T. (1992). Removal of chromium from electroplating industry wastewater using bagasse fly ash-a sugar industry waste materials. Environmentalist. 19, 129-136 Khan, S. A., Rehman, R., and Khan, M. A. (1995). Adsorption of Chromium and Silver on bentonite. Waste Material. 15, 271-282 Ansari, R., and Khoshbakht, N. (2007). Application of polypyrrole coated on wood sawdust for removal of Cr (VI) ion from aqueous solution.. Reactive and Functional Polymer. 67, 367-374 Farrell, S. T., and Breslin, C. B. (2004). Reduction of Cr(VI) at a polyaniline film: Influence of film thickness and oxidation state. Environmental Science Technology. 38, 4671-4676 Ruotolo, L. A. M., and Gubulin J. C. (2005). Chromium (VI) reduction using conducting polymer films. Reactive and Functional Polymer. 62, 141-151 Kumar, P. A., Chakraborty, S., and Ray, M. (2008). Removal and recovery of Chromium from wastewater using short chain polyaniline synthesized on jute fiber. J. of Chemical Engineering. 141, 130-140 Kaner, R. B., and MacDiramrid, A.G. (1988). Plastics that conduct electricity. J. Appl. Polym. Sci.. 258, 106-111 MacDiarmid , A.G., Yang, L.S., Huang, W.S., and Humphrey, B.D. (1987). Polyaniline: Electrochemistry and application to rechargeable batteries. Synth. Met. 18, 393-398 Wang, J., To, C.O., Zhou, D., and Wallace, G.G. (2005). Novel electrode substrates for rechargeable lithium/polypyrrole batteries. J. Power Sources. 140, 162-167 Mirmohseni, A., and Solhjo, R. (2003). Preparation and characterization of aqueous polyaniline battery using a modified polyaniline electrode. Eur. Polym. 39, 219-223 Mirmohseni, A., and Oladegaragoze, A. (2002). Detection and determination of Cr(VI) in solution using polyaniline modified quartz crystal electrode. J. Appl. Polym. Sci. 85, 2772-2780 Ram, M.K., Yavuz, O., Lahsangah, V., and Aldissi, M. (2005). CO gas sensing from ultrathin nano-composite conducting polymer film. Sens. Actuators B Chem.. 106, 750-757 Anderson, M.R., Mattes, B.R., Reiss, H., and Kaner, R.B. (1991). Conjugated polymer films for gas separations. Science. 252, 1412-1414 Kuwabata, S., and Martin, C.R. (1994). Investigation of the Gas-transport properties of polyaniline. J. Membrane Sci.. 91, 1-12 Armes, S.P., Gottesfeld, S., Beery, J.G., Garzon, F., and Agnew, S.F. (1991). Conducting polymer-colloidal silica composites. Polymer. 32, 2325-2330 Ohtani, A., Abe, M., Ezoe, M., Doi, T., Miyata, T., and Miyake, A. (1993). Synthesis and properties of high-molecular-weight soluble polyaniline and its application to the 4MB-capacity barium ferrite floppy disks antistatic coating. Synth. Met.. 57, 3696-3701 Schoch, K.F., Byers, W. A., and Buckley, L. J. (1995). Deposition and characterization of conducting polymer thin films on insulating substrates. Synth. Met.. 72, 13-23 Hosseini, S. H., Oskooei, S. H. A., and Entezami A. A. (2005). Toxic gas and vapour detection by polyaniline gas sensors. Iranian polymer. 14, 333-344
Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab ( in persian )
Volume 22, Issue 3 - Serial Number 3
Serial number:79
September and October 2011
Pages 2-9

Files

Share

How to cite

Statistics