Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian)

Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian)

Evaluation of Chlorinated Hydrocarbon Concentrations in Tehran’s Districts Drinking Water

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Alireza Pardakhti 1
Gholamreza Nabibidhendi 2
Abdolreza Karbasi 1
Masoud Younesian 3
Sima Amini 4
1 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Environment, Tehran University, Tehran
2 Prof., Dept. of Environment, Tehran University, Tehran
3 Assoc. Prof., Faculty of Public Health, Tehran University, Tehran
4 M.Sc. of Analytical Chemistry, Dept. of Environment, Tehran University, Tehran
Abstract

In this study Tehran’s drinking water was evaluated for the presence of chlorinated hydrocarbons during spring and summer of 2009. Chlorinated hydrocarbons are an important class of environmental pollutants that cause adverse health effects on human’s kidney, liver and central nervous systems. In this study six water districts were selected for taking drinking water samples in the city of Tehran as well as one location outside the city limits. The samples were analyzed by GC/MS using EPA method 8260. The average concentrations of 1,1-dichloroethylene, 1,2 Dichloromethane, Tetra chloromethane, Trichloroethylene and tetra chloroethylene were determined during a 7 month period and the results were 0.04ppb, 0.52ppb, 0.01ppb, 0.24ppb, 0.03ppb respectively. The highest concentration of chlorinated hydrocarbon observed in Tehran’s drinking water was Trichloroethylene and the lowest concentration was Tetra chloromethane. Districts 5 and 6 showed the highest concentrations of chlorinated hydrocarbons in the city of Tehran.

Keywords
Volatile Chlorinated Hydrocarbon
Drinking Water of Tehran
Environmental pollution
Gas Chromatography
mass spectroscopy
Torabian, A., Nabi Bidhendi, Gh., Ghadimkhani, A.A., Etemadi, H., and Shokouhi, M. (2008). Pre-oxidution effects on TOC removal by nanofilteration from water. J. of Water and Wastewater. 68, 19-24 Abdolah Zadeh, M., Torabian, A., and Hassani, A.H. (2009). Compariston of the performance of poly Aluminum chroride (PACI), Ferric chloride (Fecl3), in turbidity and organic matter removal; from water source, Case study : Karaj river, in Tehran water treatment plant No. 2. J. of Water and Wastewater. 70, 23-31 Zoccolillo, L., and Amendola, L. (2005). Improved analysis of volatile halogenated hydrocarbons in water by purge-and-trap with gas chromatography and mass spectrometric detection. J. of Chromatography A. 1077, 181-187 Polkowska, Z., and Kozłowska, K. (2003). Relationship between volatile organohalogen compounds in drinking water and human urine in Poland. 53, 899-909 Golfinopoulos, S. K. (2001). Comparison of methods for determination of volatile organic compounds in drinking water. Chemosphere. 45, 275-284 Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR). (1997). Toxicological profile for Trichloroethylene. U.S. Public Health Service, U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA.. U.S. Environment Protection agency (2001). Trichloroethylene health risk assessment synthesis and characterization, external review draft, EPA/600/P-10/002A. Office of Research and Development, Washington, DC. (2009). . (Sep. 2009).
U.S.DOE. (1989). Health assessment document for trichloroethylene. Risk Assessment Information System, U.S. Dept. of Education, USA. Laham, S. (1989). Studies on placental transfer : Trichloroethylene. ATSDR, USA. Kyyronen, P. (1980). Spontaneous abortions and congenital malformations among woman exposed to Tetrachloroethylene in dry cleaning. J. Epidemiol.Comm. Health. 43, 346-351 NTP. (1986). Technical report on the toxicology and carcinogenesis, tetrachloroethylene. National Toxicology Program, U.S.Dept. of Health and Human Service, Research Triangle Park, NC.NTP TR 311, USA.. (2010). . (Feb. 2010).
U.S. Air Force. (1989). 1,1-Dichloroethane. In: The installation restoration program toxicology Guide, vol.2. Wright- Patterson Air Force Base, USA. Isacson, P., Bean, J.A., and Splinter, R. (1993). Drinking water and Cancer incidence in Iowa. Am. J. Epidemiol. 121, 856-869 (2010). . (Jan. 2010).
(2009). . (Aug. 2009).
Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian)
Volume 22, Issue 4 - Serial Number 4
Serial number:80
January and February 2012
Pages 63-70