Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian)

Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian)

Photocatalytic Removal of Doxorubicin from Aqueous Solution Using a Covalent Organic Triazine Polymer under Visible Light

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Seyed Mohammad Amir Shah Karami 1
Soheil Sobhan Ardakani 2
Mehrdad Cheraghi 2
Bahareh Lorestani 2
Atefeh Chamani 3
1 PhD. Candidate, Dept. of the Environmental Engineering, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of the Environment, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
3 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of the Environment, Isfahan (Khorasgan) Branch, Islamic Azad University, Isfahan, Iran
10.22093/wwj.2025.521130.3490
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a potent anti-cancer drug, and its presence in wastewater may pose harmful effects l effects on the environment and public health. Even at very low doses, this drug is toxic and can disrupt the natural functioning of aquatic ecosystems, negatively impacting the growth, reproduction, and survival of various aquatic organisms. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the effectiveness of removing doxorubicin from aquatic environments using a covalent organic triazine polymer-based photocatalyst under visible light. In this research, a photocatalyst based on a covalent organic triazine polymer was first synthesized via a reflux method, and its efficiency in removing doxorubicin was examined. To characterize the synthesized photocatalyst, analyses including transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, x-ray diffraction, energy dispersive x-ray mapping, fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy were performed. Additionally, the effects of variables such as pH (3-9), photocatalyst concentration (10-40 mg), and contact time (30-120 minutes) on the removal efficiency of doxorubicin were evaluated. The findings showed that the removal efficiency of doxorubicin was 98% at contact time of 30 min, with photocatalyst concentration of 40 mg, and pH = 7. The scavenger study revealed that oxidants such as , e and  played a significant role in the degradation process of doxorubicin in aqueous solution by COTP. The results demonstrated that the covalent organic triazine polymer can serve as an effective photocatalyst for removing doxorubicin from pharmaceutical wastewater under visible light.
Keywords
Doxorubicin
Covalent Organic Triazine Polymer
Photocatalytic Degradation
Aqueous Solution
Visible Light
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Journal of Water and Wastewater; Ab va Fazilab (in persian)
Volume 36, Issue 1 - Serial Number 156
March and April 2025
Pages 58-73