بهینه‌سازی کاربرد فروشویی زیستی در احیای خاک آلوده پالایشگاه نفت جنوب تهران

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترا، گروه محیط‌زیست، واحد تهران غرب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 دانشیار، محیط‌زیست آب و فاضلاب، واحد تهران غرب، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، گروه فرایندهای محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران، ایران

4 استاد، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

فروشویی زیستی روشی غیرتهاجمی، نسبتاً مقرون‌به‌صرفه و سازگار با محیط‌زیست است که از طریق آن ترکیبات سمّی، با ‏کمک میکروارگانیسم‌ها و با کمک واکنش‌های آنزیمی تجزیه می‌شوند.‎ این پژوهش به‌منظور استفاده از فروشویی زیستی برای احیای خاک آلوده و مقاوم به تجزیه بیولوژیکی به فلز سنگین سرب و فنانترن اطراف پالایشگاه نفت جنوب تهران انجام شد. طراحی آزمایش با روش سطح پاسخ انجام شد. در روش فروشویی زیستی، سویه خالص شده (سودوموناس آئروژینوزا) از خاک پالایشگاه جداسازی شد. pH محیط (3، 5، 7، 9، 11)، نسبت آلاینده به زیست توده (7/50، 15، 22/50، 30، 37/50 میلی‌گرم به گرم) و زمان ماند (1، 2، 3، 4، 5 ساعت) به‌عنوان متغیرهای اصلی در نظر گرفته شد. pH مهمترین پارامتر تأثیرگذار بر روی حذف سرب و فنانترن از خاک بود. بیشترین درصد حذف سرب با میزان 96/79 درصد pH برابر 8، میزان نسبت آلاینده به موجوده زنده برابر با W/W 30 و زمان 2 ساعت به‌دست آمد. در مورد فنانترن، بیشترین درصد حذف فنانترن (97/4 درصد) در pH برابر 7، نسبت آلاینده به موجود زنده برابر با W/W 22/5 و زمان 1 ساعت اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج این پژوهش نشان داد که استفاده از باکتری در مقایسه با فرایند پاک‌سازی بدون باکتری (42 درصد برای فنانترن و 67 درصد برای سرب)، کارآمدی فرایند حذف را افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Optimizing the Use of Biological Washing in Rehabilitating the Contaminated Soil of South Tehran Oil Refinery

نویسندگان [English]

  • Maloos Tabatabaei 1
  • Roya Mafigholami 2
  • Mehdi Borghei 3
  • Ali Esrafili 4
1 PhD. Student, Dept. of Environment, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Dept. of Water and Wastewater Environment, West Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Prof., Dept. of Environmental Processes, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, Iran
4 Prof., Dept. of Environmental Health Engineering, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Bioleaching is a non-invasive, relatively affordable and environmentally friendly method through which toxic compounds are decomposed with the help of microorganisms and with the help of enzymatic reactions. This study was conducted in order to use biological leaching to rehabilitate contaminated soil and resistant to biological decomposition by heavy metal lead and phenanthrene around the south Tehran oil refinery. The design of the experiment was done with the response surface method. In the bioleaching method, the purified strain (Pseudomonas aeruginosa) was isolated from the soil of the refinery. Environmental pH (3, 5, 7, 9, 11), pollutant to biomass ratio (7.50, 15, 22.50, 30, 37.5 mg/g) and retention time (1, 2, 3, 4, 5 hours) were considered as main variables. pH was the most important parameter influencing the removal of lead and phenanthrene from soil. The highest percentage of lead removal with 96.79% pH is equal to 8, pollutant ratio to Live current is equal to 30 W/W and time of  2 hours was obtained. In the case of phenanthrene, the highest percentage of phenanthrene removal (97.4%) in pH was equal to 7, the pollutant to living organism ratio was equal to 22.5 W/W and the time was measured for 1 hour. The results of this study showed that the use of bacteria increased the efficiency of the removal process compared to the cleaning process without bacteria (42% for phenanthrene and 67% for lead).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Bioleaching
  • Lead
  • Phenanthrene
  • Soil Reclamation
  • Response Level

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