بررسی هندسه‌های مختلف فناوری یون‌زدایی خازنی و مقایسه عملکرد آنها در شیرین‌سازی آب

نوع مقاله : مقالات مروری

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، مرکز تحقیقات کربن سبز، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران

2 استادیار، مرکز تحقیقات کربن سبز، دانشکده مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی سهند، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

با توجه به ضرورت دسترسی به آب شیرین برای رشد و توسعه پایدار، استفاده از فناوری‌های مختلف شیرین‌سازی آبهای شور، یکی از راهکارهای افزایش دسترسی به آب شیرین است. مشکلات متعدد روش‌های متداول شیرین‌سازی آب، منجر به ظهور روش‌های نوینی همچون فناوری یون‌زدایی خازنی شده است. فناوری CDI یک فناوری الکتروشیمیایی جذبی نوظهور برای حذف یون‌های محلول در آب است که در سال‌های اخیر، توسعه این فناوری از دیدگاه عملکردی و اقتصادی مورد توجه پژوهشگران زیادی قرار گرفته است. نتایج پژوهش‌های اخیر نشان می‌دهد که برای رفع چالش‌های پیش روی این فناوری، تمرکز روی دو حوزه الکترودهای متخلخل بهینه و هندسه‌های کاربردی، می‌تواند تأثیرگذارتر از سایر راهکارها باشد. بنابراین این پژوهش، علاوه بر معرفی کوتاهی از تاریخچه ظهور و پیشرفت فناوری CDI، به بررسی مروری انواع ساختارهای هندسی دارای الکترودهای خازنی و معایب و مزایای هر کدام از آنها پرداخت. همچنین مقایسه کمّی و کیفی عملکرد هندسه‌های مختلف فناوری CDI با جریان بین الکترودها، CDI غشایی، CDI با جریان عبوری، CDI معکوس و CDI با الکترود در حال جریان را به تفصیل بیان کرد. نتایج نشان داد، در حال حاضر فناوری CDI با استفاده از الکترودهای نانوساختار کربنی برای یون‌زدایی آبهای با شوری کم و متوسط (3 گرم در لیتر) اقتصادی است. با وجود چالش‌های مختلف، این فناوری می‌تواند در آینده به‌عنوان یک فناوری پاک و دوستدار محیط‌زیست، با مصرف کم انرژی و به صورت اقتصادی، امکان تأمین آب شرب شیرین را فراهم کند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Overview of Different Architectures of Capacitive Deionization Cells and Comparison of their Performance in Water Desalination

نویسندگان [English]

  • Fatemeh Mianjian 1
  • Reza Khoshbouy 2
1 MSc. Student, Green Carbon Research Center, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Green Carbon Research Center, Chemical Engineering Faculty, Sahand University of Technology, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

Considering the necessity of access to fresh water for sustainable growth and development, the use of various technologies for desalination of salt water is one of the solutions to increase access to fresh water. Various problems of conventional water desalination methods have led to the emergence of new methods such as capacitive deionization technology. CDI technology is an emerging electrochemical adsorption technology to remove water-soluble ions. In recent years, the development of this technology has attracted the attention of many researchers from the functional and economic point of view. Recent research results show that to overcome the challenges of CDI technology, focusing on two areas of effective porous electrodes and applied architectures can be more effective than other solutions. Therefore, this article provides a brief overview of CDI technology and investigates its emergence, progress, and challenges. Furthermore, various types of structures with capacitive electrodes have been introduced along with their unique features, drawbacks, and advantages. Also, this article describes in detail the quantitative and qualitative performance comparison of different geometries of CDI technology, such as flow-by CDI, flow-through CDI, MCDI, FCDI and i-CDI. The results show that, currently, CDI technology using nanostructured carbon electrodes is economical for the deionization of low and medium salinity waters (3 g/L). Despite numerous challenges, capacitive deionization technology has the potential to provide a sustainable source of fresh water in the future. This technology offers a clean and environmentally friendly solution, with low energy consumption and economical operation.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Desalination
  • Nanostructured Carbon Electrodes
  • Capacitive Deionization
  • Electrosorption
  • CDI
  • Clean Technology

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 34، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 147
مهر و آبان 1402
صفحه 44-62

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