شبیه‌سازی و تحلیل پدیده فرونشست زمین با استفاده از نظریه Poroelasticity (مطالعه موردی: دشت تهران- شهریار)

نوع مقاله : مطالعه موردی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی عمران- منابع آب، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد شهر قدس، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی شهر قدس، تهران، ایران

چکیده

برداشت بی‌رویه از منابع آب زیرزمینی باعث افت سطح آب و افزایش تنش وارده به ذرات خاک می‌شود که این موضوع منجر به فرونشست سطح زمین می‌شود. دشت بحرانی شهریار طی سالیان گذشته تحت تأثیر پدیده فرونشست بوده است. وجود شریان‌های حیاتی، مناطق اقتصادی، زیارتی و نظامی آن را به منطقه‌ای استراتژیک تبدیل کرده که هزینه عواقب زیان‌بار ناشی از فرونشست را دو چندان می‌کند. در این پژوهش، روش جدیدی به‌‌منظور پیش‌بینی و تحلیل فرونشست، تحت عنوان ماژول Poroelasticity نرم‌افزار COMSOL که از حل هم‌زمان معادلات مربوط به حرکت سیال در محیط متخلخل و تغییر شکل مکانیکی بهره می‌برد، استفاده شد. خروجی مدل عددی طی سال‌های 1382 تا 1398 در 24 نقطه با برداشت‌های ترازیابی، تصاویر تداخل‌سنجی راداری Sentinel 1 صحت‌سنجی و مقایسه شد. ضریب تعیین 97/0 نشان‌دهنده هم‌بستگی قابل قبولی بین مقدار داده‌ها، تطابق خوب تصاویر تداخل‌سنجی با نقشه پهنه‌های فرونشست حاصل از داده‌های نرم‌افزار و نزدیک شدن مقدار مجذور میانگین مربعات خطا و ضریب کارایی به سمت صفر و 1 بود. نتیجه کلی مدل‌سازی عددی المان محدود نشان داد که نرخ متوسط فرونشست در طول سال 1410 به‌علت فشرده شدن متوالی لایه‌های بالایی سفره آبخوان، با آهنگ کمتری، حدود 19/13 سانتی‌متر و در نقاطی که ضخامت لایه‌های ریزدانه افزایش می‌یابد به 38/18 سانتی‌متر خواهد رسید. همچنین دامنه تغییرات تراز آب‌ زیرزمینی در بازه زمانی، جنس زمین و تعداد واحدهای زمین‌شناسی از جمله عوامل مؤثر بر الگو و نرخ فرونشست بودند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Simulation and Analysis of Land Subsidence Phenomenon Using Poroelasticity Theory (Case Study: Tehran-Shahriar Plain)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Seyed Hamid Reza Hosseini 1
  • Seyed Habib Mousavi Jahromi 2
  • Hossein Mohammad Vali Samani 2
1 PhD. Candidate, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Tehran, Iran
2 Prof., Faculty of Civil Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Shahr-e-Qods Branch, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Indiscriminate extraction of underground water sources causes a drop in the water level and an increase in the stress on the soil particles, which leads to the subsidence of the earth's surface. Shahryar's critical plain has been affected by the phenomenon of subsidence for the past few years. The existence of vital arteries, economic, pilgrimage and military areas has turned it into a strategic area, which doubles the cost of the harmful consequences of subsidence. In this research, a new method is used to predict and analyze subsidence, under the title of Poroelasticity module of COMSOL software, which uses the simultaneous solution of equations related to fluid movement in porous media and mechanical deformation. The output of the numerical model was validated and compared between 2003 and 2019 at 24 points with the alignment observations, the Sentinel 1 radar interferometric images. The correlation coefficient of 0.97 indicates an acceptable correlation between the data values, the good matching of the interferometric images with the maps of the subsidence zones obtained from the software data and the approach of the squared values of the mean squared error and the efficiency coefficient towards zero and one was obtained. The general result of the finite element numerical modeling showed that the average rate of subsidence during the year 2031 due to the successive compression of the upper layers of the aquifer, with a lower rate, about 13.19 cm and in the places where the thickness of the fine-grained layers increased, He finds that it will reach 18.38 cm. Also, the range of changes in the underground water level in the period of time, the type of land and the number of geological units are among the factors affecting the subsidence pattern and rate.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Subsidence
  • Shahriar Plain
  • Poroelasticity
  • Aquifer Level Changes
  • Type of Land

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 34، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 145
خرداد و تیر 1402
صفحه 1-20

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