بررسی همبست انرژی و ردپای کربن در تصفیه‌خانه فاضلاب شهری با فرایند لجن فعال (هوادهی متداول)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی آب و فاضلاب، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران (پردیس بین‌المللی ارس)، تهران، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی محیط‌زیست، دانشکده محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تهران، تهران، ایران

3 استاد، مرکز تحقیقات سلامت و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز، تبریز، ایران

چکیده

همبست انرژی و ردپای کربن در تصفیه‌خانه‌های فاضلاب در ایران چندان مورد توجه قرار نگرفته است. هدف اصلی این پژوهش، بررسی این موضوع در یک تصفیه‌خانه فاضلاب شهری با سیستم لجن فعال متداول بود. ضمن بررسی کمیّت و کیفیت فاضلاب، انتشارات مستقیم و غیرمستقیم از روی عملکرد تصفیه‌خانه و میزان مصرف برق با به‌کارگیری ضرایب انتشار محاسبه شد. سالیانه به‌طور متوسط 6192000 مترمکعب فاضلاب در این تصفیه‌خانه تصفیه می‌شود. متوسط BOD5 و COD حذف شده به ترتیب 6/274 و 9/467 میلی‌گرم در لیتر است. به‌طور میانگین kWh/m 081/0 ± 3623/0 برای فاضلاب تصفیه شده انرژی مصرف می‌شود که معادل 5/2241 مگا وات ساعت در سال است. بالغ بر 6/94 درصد انرژی توسط پمپ‌ها و هواده‌های سطحی مصرف می‌شود. با در نظر گرفتن BOD حذف شده، انتشار مستقیم گازهای گلخانه‌ای به‌طور متوسط tCO2e/year 2/2338 و انتشارات غیرمستقیم ناشی از مصرف برق به‌دلیل مصرف برق، 2603 تاtCO2e/year  4665 است. قدیمی بودن طراحی و به روز نبودن تجهیزات از عوامل افزایش انرژی مصرفی و ردپای کربن است. تعرفه پایین برق در تصفیه‌خانه فاضلاب (تعرفه کشاورزی) باعث شده تا فعلاً موضوع صرفه‌جویی در مصرف انرژی، اولویت آنچنانی نداشته باشد. لازم است با اصلاحات لازم کاهش مصارف برق به‌ویژه در حالت راکتیو مورد توجه قرار گیرد. انجام ممیزی انرژی در تصفیه‌خانه‌های موجود و توجه به همسبت انرژی و ردپای کربن ضروری به نظر می‌رسد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Investigating the Nexus of Energy and Carbon Footprint in a Municipal Wastewater Treatment Plant with Activated Sludge Process (Conventional)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Nikmaram 1
  • Golamreza Nabi Bidhendi 2
  • Naser Mehrdadi 2
  • Mohammad Mosaferi 3
1 PhD. Student in Water and Wastewater Engineering, Aras International Campus, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Faculty of Environment, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
3 Prof., Health and Environment Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran
چکیده [English]

In Iran, little attention has been paied to the nexus of energy and carbon footprint in wastewater treatment plants. The main goal of the current research is to investigate this issue in a municipal wastewater treatment plant with a conventional activated sludge (conventional). While studying the quantity and quality of wastewater, direct and indirect emissions were calculated based on the operation of the treatment plant and the amount of electricity consumption using emission coefficients. An average of 6,192,000 m3 of wastewater is treated annually in this treatment plant. The average BOD5 and COD removed are 274.6 and 467.9 mg/L, respectively. On average, 0.3623 ± 0.081 kWh/m3 of energy is consumed for treated wastewater, which is equivalent to 2241.5 MWh per year. As much as 94.6% of energy is consumed by pumps and surface aerators. Considering BOD removed, the direct greenhouse gas emissions are on average 2338.2 tCO2e/year and the indirect emissions due to electricity consumption are 2603 to 4665 tCO2e/year. Old design and lack of up-to-date equipment are factors that increase energy consumption and carbon footprint emission. The low tariff of electricity in the wastewater treatment plant (agricultural tariff) has made the issue of saving energy consumption less of a priority. It is necessary to pay attention to the reduction of electricity consumption, especially in the reactive mode, with the necessary modifications. It seems essential to conduct an energy audit in the existing treatment plants and pay attention to the nexus between energy and carbon footprint.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Energy Footprint
  • Greenhouse Gases
  • Wastewater
  • Global Warming

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 34، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 145
خرداد و تیر 1402
صفحه 66-77

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