تحلیل اقتصادی مدیریت فشار در شبکه‌های توزیع آب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی عمران- آب، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، ایران

2 استادیار دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران، ایران

3 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی عمران- آب و سازه‌های هیدرولیکی، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، آب و محیط زیست، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی تهران

چکیده

مدیریت فشار یکی از مؤثرترین روش‌های مدیریت نشت در شبکه‌های توزیع آب است که علاوه بر کاهش نشت، مزایای بسیاری برای شرکت‌های آب و فاضلاب دارد. هدف از این پژوهش تحلیل اقتصادی مدیریت فشار از طریق تحلیل جامع سود- هزینه با در نظر گرفتن جوانب مختلف اجرای مدیریت فشار در شبکه‌های توزیع آب است. به این منظور یک مدل ریاضی برای ارزیابی سود حاصل از اجرای مدیریت فشار بر کاهش نشت، شکستگی‌ها، نشت‌یابی فعال، مصرف آب، مصرف انرژی، خسارات وارده به ساختمان‌ها و افزایش رضایت مشتریان و همچنین هزینه‌های ناشی از خرید، نصب، بهره‌برداری و نگهداری و کاهش درآمد حاصل از کاهش مصرف آب، توسعه داده شد. با استفاده از مدل توسعه داده شده، سود خالص و نسبت سود به هزینه برای هر طرح مدیریت فشار قابل محاسبه است. به‌عنوان مطالعه موردی، سامانه مدیریت فشار پیشرفته از طریق نصب شیرهای کاهنده فشار مبتنی بر زمان و جریان در یک ناحیه ایزوله واقع در شهر مشهد اجرا شد و سود خالص و نسبت سود به هزینه حاصل از اجرای آن توسط مدل ریاضی توسعه داده شده در این مقاله، تخمین زده شد. نتایج نشان داد که سود خالص حاصل از اجرای سامانه مبتنی بر جریان از سامانه مبتنی بر زمان بیشتر است و نسبت سود به هزینه برای سامانه‌های مدیریت فشار مبتنی بر جریان و زمان به‌ترتیب 3/7 و 3/2 به‌دست آمد. مدل ریاضی توسعه داده شده در این مطالعه به مدیران و متخصصان صنعت آب برای درک جامعی از مزایا و توجیه اقتصادی اجرای طرح‌های مدیریت فشار کمک خواهد کرد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Economic Analysis of Pressure Management in Water Distribution Networks

نویسندگان [English]

  • Iman Moslehi 1
  • Mohammad Reza Jalili Ghazizadeh 2
  • Ehsan Yousefi Khoshghalb 3
1 PhD Student in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Water and Wastewater, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
3 MSc Student in Civil Engineering, Faculty of Civil, Water and Environmental Engineering, Shahid Beheshti University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Pressure management (PM) is one of the most effective methods of leakage management in water distribution networks (WDNs). In addition to reducing leakage, it provides many benefits for water utilities. The purpose of this paper is an economic analysis of the PM through a comprehensive cost-benefit analysis, taking into account the various aspects of the implementation of PM in WDNs. For this purpose, a mathematical model was developed for evaluating the benefits arising from implementing PM on the reduction of leakage, pipe breaks, active leakage control, water consumption, energy consumption, building damages and the increase of customer satisfaction and the costs of purchase, installation, operation and maintenance, and revenue reduction due to the reduction of water consumption. Using the developed model, the net benefit and benefit/cost ratio can be calculated for each PM scheme. As a case study, the advanced PM system was implemented through the installation of time modulated (TM) and flow modulated (FM) pressure reducing valves (PRVs) in a district metered area (DMA) located in Mashhad city. The net benefit and benefit/cost ration was then estimated by the developed mathematical model. The results showed that the net benefit of PM system through FM is greater than TM and the benefit/cost ratio was obtained 3.7 and 3.2 respectively. The developed mathematical model will assist water managers and practitioners in comprehensive understanding of the benefits and economic justification for implementing PM schemes.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Pressure Management
  • Economic Analysis
  • Financial Analysis
  • Leakage Management
  • Water Distribution Network
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