ارزیابی عملکرد جاذب طبیعی لوفا در حذف کادمیم دوظرفیتی از محیط آبی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار، گروه مهندسی آب، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه بیرجند

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی منابع آب، دانشگاه بیرجند

3 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه صنعتی امیرکبیر، تهران

چکیده

امروزه آلودگی منابع آبی به فلزات سنگین به یک مشکل جهانی تبدیل شده و نیاز به پایش و کنترل مستمر دارد. به‌طور طبیعی سالانه حدود 25000 تن کادمیم وارد محیط زیست می‌شود. هدف از این پژوهش، بررسی ویژگی‌های حذف کادمیم از محیط آبی با استفاده از جاذب طبیعی لوفا به روش‌های آزمایش تعادلی ناپیوسته و ستون بستر ثابت بود. در آزمایش‌های ناپیوسته، اثر عواملی مانند زمان تماس، pH، جرم جاذب و غلظت اولیه کادمیم، بر فرایند جذب بررسی شد. مدل‌های ایزوترمی لانگمیر و فروندلیچ به‌منظور بررسی تعادل جذب استفاده شدند. مطالعه ایزوترم جذب نشان داد که اگرچه هر دو مدل ایزوترم، داده‌ها را به‌خوبی توصیف کردند، اما مدل لانگمیر با R2 برابر987/0 با داده‌های جذب مطابقت بیشتری داشت و بیشینه ظرفیت جذبی به‌دست آمده در این مطالعه برابر 711/6 میلی‌گرم بر گرم بود. در مرحله دوم، جذب کادمیم در حالت جریان پیوسته با استفاده از ستون بستر ثابت مطالعه شد. عملکرد ستون جاذب با تغییر عوامل دبی و غلظت کادمیم ورودی بررسی شد. نتایج آزمایش نشان داد که کل مقدار یون کادمیم جذب شده و ظرفیت جذب ستون، با افزایش دبی کاهش و با افزایش غلظت کادمیم ورودی افزایش می‌یابد. با اعمال مدلآدامز- بوهارتبر داده‌های تجربی، منحنی شکست پیش‌بینی شده و خصوصیات پارامترهای لازم برای فرایند طراحی تعیین شدند. نتایج نشان داد که از جاذب طبیعی لوفا می‌توان برای حذف مقرون به صرفه کادمیم از منابع آبی استفاده نمود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Evaluation of the Natural Adsorbent Luffa cylindrical for the Removal of Cadmium (II) from Aqueous Environments

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ali Shahidi 1
  • Nasim Jalilnezhad falizi 2
  • Elham Jalilnejad- falizi 3
1 Assist. Prof. of Water Engineering, Faculty of Agriculture, Birjand University, Birjand
2 MSc Student of Water Resources Engineering, Birjand University. Birjand
3 PhD Student of Chemical Engineering, Amir-Kabir University of Technology, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Contamination of water resources with heavy metals has nowadays become a global problem that requires continuous monitoring and control. An annual quantity of about 25,000 tons of cadmium is normally discharged into the environment. The objective of this study was to investigate cadmium removal from aqueous environments with the natural Luffa sorbent using equilibrium experiments consisting of the batch flow mode and the continuous flow mode reactors with a fixed bed column. The effects of pH, contact time, adsorbent dosage, and initial solution concentration on the uptake of metal ions by the adsorbent in the batch operation were examined. Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models were used to investigate the adsorption equilibrium. The adsorption behavior of Cd(II) ions fitted both isotherms but followed the Langmuir isotherm most precisely (R2=0.987), with a maximum adsorption capacity of 6.711 mg/g. Cadmium removal in the continuous flow mode using a fixed bed column was also studied. The effecte of operating parameters such as flow rate and inlet Cd(II) concentration on the sorption characteristics of Luffa were determined by assessing the breakthrough curve. The data confirmed that the total amount of sorbet Cd(II) and equilibrium Cd(II) uptakes decreased with increasing flow rate but increased with increasing inlet Cd(II) concentration. The Adams–Bohart model was applied to the experimental data to predict the breakthrough curves and to determine the characteristic parameters of the column useful for process design. Results showed that the natural Luffa absorbent was capable of efficiently removing cadmium from water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Adsorption Isoterm
  • Adsorption
  • Cd (II) Removal
  • Breakthrough curve
  • Luffacylindrical
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