استخراج سیاست‌های پایدار آب شرب شهری با رویکرد پویایی سیستم (مطالعه موردی: شهر قم)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای دانشکده مهندسی صنایع، واحد تهران مرکز، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار گروه مهندسی صنایع، دانشکده فنی و مهندسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران

3 رئیس گروه بهره‌برداری آب، معاونت راهبری و نظارت بر بهره‌برداری، شرکت مهندسی آب و فاضلاب کشور، تهران، ایران

4 استادیار دانشکده مهندسی صنایع دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، واحد علوم و تحقیقات تهران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

شهر قم به‌دلیل موقعیت جغرافیایی و واقع شدن در کویر مرکزی ایران همواره با مشکل کمبود آب روبرو بوده است و در سال‌های اخیر به دلایل مختلف از جملهگسترش شهرنشینی، افزایش مهاجرت و رونق گردشگری، این مشکل تبدیل به بحران شده است. با وجود اقدمات انجام شده به‌منظور پایداری آب شرب از جمله انتقال آب از سر شاخه‌های دز به قمرود، پیش‌بینی‌ها نشان می‌دهد در صورت ادامه وضعیت موجود، در سال 1401، این شهر در شرایط ناپایداری آبی قرار خواهد گرفت. برای رفع این معضل، در این پژوهش با به‌کارگیری پویایی سیستم و استفاده از نرم‌افزار Vensim ، سیاست‌های پایداری آب شرب شهری در یک افق سی ساله شناسایی و ارائه شد. در چنین پژوهش‌هایی، این سیاست‌ها اصولاً در دو بخش ارائه می‌شود: بخش عرضه که عبارت‌است از جداسازی آب شرب از آب غیر شرب، استفاده از پساب یا آب جدید و مدیریت تلفات شبکه آبرسانی؛ و بخش تقاضا که عبارت‌ است از کنترل جمعیت، کنترل الگوی مصارف خانگی و کنترل مصارف معاف از قیمت. اما سیاست تازه و متناسب با این مشکل که در این پژوهش بررسی و پیشنهاد شده است، عبارت‌ است از جداسازی آب شرب از آب بهداشتی و کنترل مصارف کاربری‌های معاف از قیمت و تأثیر آن‌ها بر پایداری آب شرب شهری.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Extracting Sustainable Urban Water Policies with Dynamic System Approach (Case Study: Qom City)

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hasan Farmani Entezam 1
  • Farzad Movahedi Sobhani 2
  • Mahsa Vaez Tehrani 3
  • Seyed Esmaeil Najafi 4
1 PhD Student, Department of Industrial Engineering, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Department of Industrial Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 Head of Water Operation Group, Deputy of Operation Management, Water and Wastewater Company, Tehran, Iran
4 Assist. Prof., Department of Industrial Engineering, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Qom city (located in the central desert of Iran) has always faced the problem of water shortage. In recent years, due to various reasons such as urbanization, increased immigration and tourism prosperity, this problem has become a more serious trending water crisis. In spite of the steps taken to maintain the sustainability of potable water, predictions indicated that if the existing situation persists, in 2022 the city will be in a state of unstable water. To overcome this dilemma, this paper aims to identify and present sustainable urban Potable water policies on a thirty-year horizon through system dynamics and the use of Vensim software. These policies are generally presented in two parts: Supply and Demand. The supply policies include separation of potable water from non potable water, using fresh water or wastewater, and managing the water supply losses. In demand management, the policies are to control the population, control the pattern of domestic demand, and control the Exempt Demand. The new policy investigated and proposed by this research which is proportional to the problem was the separation of potable water from non potable water and control the exempt demands over time and their impact on the sustainability of urban potable water.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Sustainability of Potable Water
  • System Dynamics
  • Crisis
  • Qom City
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