تعیین دمای بهینه در جذب زیستی فلزات سنگین از محلول آبی توسط بیومس آماده‌سازی شده قارچ آسپرژیلوس نیجر

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور

2 استادیار گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، نور

چکیده

جذب زیستی، تکنولوژی نوینی است که بیومس مرده و غیرفعال و یا زنده را برای حذف فلزات سنگین از محلول آبی به‌کار می‌گیرد. عواملی مانند دما، مدت زمان تماس، pH محلول، غلظت اولیه فلزات سنگین، میزان جاذب استفاده شده و نیز سرعت مخلوط کردن جاذب و محلول حاوی فلزات می‌تواند بر میزان جذب فلزات توسط جاذب تأثیرگذار باشد. هدف از مطالعه حاضر بررسی اثر تیمارهای مختلف دما (25، 35، 45 و 55 درجه سلسیوس) بر جذب زیستی مخلوط فلزات توسط جاذب به‌منظور تعیین دمای مناسب برای حذف بیشتر فلزات سنگین از محلول آبی بود. در تحقیق حاضر از قارچ مرده آسپرژیلوس نیجر آماده‌سازی شده توسط سود 0/5 نرمال برای حذف مخلوط فلزات سنگین روی (II)، کبالت(II) و کادمیم (II) استفاده گردید. در هر چهار تیمار، دما اعمال شد و مشاهده گردید که در مورد تمامی فلزات سنگین بیشترین میزان جذب فلزات و کاهش غلظت در همان 5 دقیقه نخست اتفاق افتاد و در دقیقه 20 به تعادل رسید. درصد جذب فلزات با افزایش دما روند افزایشی نشان داد. از میان 4 تیمار مورد آزمایش، تیمار 55 درجه سلسیوس بیشترین میزان جذب فلزات و تیمار 25 درجه سلسیوس کمترین میزان جذب فلزات را نشان داد. جذب فلز کروم از 28/5 درصد در تیمار 25 به 44/7 درصد در تیمار 55 افزایش یافت. همچنین جذب فلز کادمیم از 40 تا 58 درصد و جذب فلزی روی از 37/7 تا 65/6 درصد افزایش نشان داد. حدود 60 درصد افزایش جذب توسط قارچ آسپرژیلوس نیجر به‌دلیل افزایش در میزان دما بوده است. بنابراین می‌توان بدون افزودن حجم بیومس و تنها با افزایش دما میزان جذب فلزات را افزایش داد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Determination of Optimal Temperature for Biosorption of Heavy Metal Mixture from Aqueous Solution by Pretreated Biomass of Aspergillus niger

نویسندگان [English]

  • Javad Yousefi 1
  • Habibollah Younesi 2
  • Zahra Haj Ahmadi 1
1 Former Grad. Student of Environmental, Dept. of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor
2 Assist. Prof. of Environmental , Dept. of Natural Resources, Tarbiat Modares University, Noor
چکیده [English]

Biosorption is a novel technology that uses dead and inactive biomass for removal of heavy metals from aqueous solution. Some parameters such as temperature, contact time, solution pH, initial metal concentration, biosorbent dose and also agitating speed of solution and biosorbent mixing can affect the amount of metal sorption by biosorbent. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of different treatments of temperatures (25, 35, 45 and 55oC) on biosorption of metals mixture in order to determine optimal temperature for more metals removal from aqueous solution. This study uses dead and pretreated biomass of Aspergillus niger with 0.5N NaOH for removal of Zn(II), Co(II) and Cd(II). In all temperature treatments and in the case of all of heavy metals, maximum amount of metal sorption and concentration decrease was occurred in first 5 minutes and achieved to equilibrium after 20 minute. The percent of metals sorption show growth trend with temperature increase. Between 4 experimental treatments, 55oC treatment was shown maximum sorption and 25oC was shown minimum sorption amount. The percent of Cr(II) sorption was increase from 28.5% in 25oC to 44.7% in 55oC. Also, this increase was from 40% to 58% for Cd(II) and from 37.7% to 65.6% for Zn(II). About 60% of increase in sorption by A. niger was due to increase in temperature. Therefore the amount of metals sorption can be increase, only with temperature increase and without any biomass addition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Biosorption
  • Temperature
  • Aspergillus niger
  • Zn
  • CO
  • Cd
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