بررسی اثر غلظت نفت در تصفیه پساب‌های نفتی شور به‌وسیله فرایند اسمز مستقیم

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای مهندسی شیمی، پژوهشکده فناوری‌های شیمیایی، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران

2 استادیار، پژوهشکده فناوری‌های شیمیایی، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران

3 استادیار، پژوهشکده حوزه آبی خزر، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

4 دانشیار، پژوهشکده فناوری‌های شیمیایی، سازمان پژوهش‌های علمی و صنعتی ایران، تهران، ایران

چکیده

عمده‌ترین پساب صنایع نفت و گاز، آب همراه آن است که تصفیه آن به‌منظور کاهش حجم و فراهم کردن شرایط مناسب برای کاربردهایی همچون کشاورزی مورد توجه است. از آنجا که فناوری‌های غشائی نقش مهمی در جداسازی ترکیبات محلول و قطرات روغن امولسیونی دارند، از فرایند غشایی اسمز مستقیم (FO) برای کاهش حجم این پساب استفاده شد. این فرایند، با استفاده از غشای تخت سلولزی تجاری در یک سامانه آزمایشگاهی مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. شار آب در غلظت‌های مختلف شوری و نفت سنجیده شد و مورفولوژی و آبدوستی غشا پس از شار آب مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد با افزایش غلظت نمک‌های معدنی معمول در آب همراه، از صفر تا 20 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، شار آب از 11 به 6/6 لیتر در مترمربع در ساعت کاهش یافت. این کاهش به‌دلیل افزایش فشار اسمزی خوراک است. در حضور 1000 و 3000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر نفت در خوراک آب دیونیزه، افزایش ویسکوزیته و چسبیدن قطرات نفت بر سطح غشا باعث کاهش 12 و 15 درصدی شار آب نسبت به شار آب دیونیزه شد. با اضافه کردن نفت به آب همراه با غلظت‌های مختلف نمک، کاهش بیشتر شار آب مشاهده شد که این کاهش به‌دلیل افزایش فشار اسمزی خوراک و همچنین تغییر شرایط امولسیون نفت-آب در حضور نمک بود. حضور نمک باعث افزایش کشش سطحی محلول و در نتیجه انعقاد قطرات نفت و گرفتگی بیشتر در غشا ‌شد که در زمان‌های طولانی منجر به کاهش شار می‌شود.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Oil Concentration in Treatment of Saline Oily Wastewater Using Forward Osmosis Process

نویسندگان [English]

  • Razieh Ahmadizadeh 1
  • Mahdi Latifi 2
  • Alireza Pendashteh 3
  • Soheila Shokrollahzadeh 4
1 PhD Student in Chemical Engineering, Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
2 Assist. Prof., Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
3 Assist. Prof., Caspian Sea Basin Research Center, University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran
4 Assoc. Prof., Department of Chemical Technologies, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology (IROST), Tehran, Iran
چکیده [English]

Treatment of the produced water, as a major wastewater in oil and gas industry, is concerned with  reduction of the wastewater volume or providing water for some applications such as agriculture. Since membrane technologies play an important role in the separation of dissolved and emulsified oil droplets, forward osmosis (FO) was used in this research as a novel process to reduce the volume of such wastewater. A cellulose commercial flat membrane was applied in a FO laboratory system. The results showed that by increasing the concentrations of the most important inorganic solutes in produced water from 0 to 20 g/L, water flux decreased from 11 to 6.6 L/m2.h due to an increase in feed osmotic pressure. In the presence of 1000 and 3000 mg/L oil in deionized feed water, 12 and 15 percent reduction of the water flux was observed, respectively. This was due to the increased viscosity of feed and the precipitation and adsorption of emulsified oil particles on the membrane surface. On the other hand, adding oil to the solution with different salt concentrations, led to a further reduction in the water flux. This was a result of the increase in feed osmotic pressure and changes in the condition of oil-water emulsion in the presence of salts. The salts increased the surface tension of the solution, which caused coagulation of oil droplets and higher fouling in the membrane surface.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Recovery
  • Forward Osmosis
  • Produced Water
  • Internal Concentration Polarization
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