کارایی برکه تثبیت اختیاری در حذف فنل از فاضلاب پالایشگاه نفت

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی و عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، عضو دانشکده علوم پزشکی خلخال، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی اردبیل، اردبیل

2 استاد گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، عضو مرکز توسعه اجتماعی و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه، ایران

3 کارشناس ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه

چکیده

فنل یکی از هیدروکربن‌های آروماتیک سمّی است. این ماده از طریق دفع فاضلاب تعدادی از صنایع باعث آلودگی محیط زیست و به‌خصوص منابع آبی می‌شود. این مطالعه از نوع تجربی بود؛ برکه تثبیت اختیاری در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی با ظرفیت 400 لیتر و با استفاده از ورقه فایبرگلاس با ضخامت 6 میلی‌متر طراحی، ساخته و راه‌اندازی شد. زمان ماند هیدرولیکی برکه اختیاری در این مطالعه 10 روز بود. پس از راه‌اندازی و بذرپاشی و تثبیت بیولوژیکی، نمونه برداشت شد. در ورودی برکه تثبیت اختیاری بر حسب میزان حذف فنل در برکه تثبیت بی‌هوازی، غلظت‌های فنل0 تا 28، 30 تا 80، 90 تا 130 و 150 تا 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر برای دمای بالا و غلظت‌های فنل 100 تا 140 و 200 تا 260 میلی‌گرم در لیتر برای دمای پایین در نظر گرفته شد. سپس پارامترهای NH3، PO4، فنل به‌ترتیب در طول موج 425، 690 و 500 نانومتر توسط دستگاه اسپکتروفتومتر واریان مدل UV-120-02 برای هریک از نمونه‌ها و همچنین TCOD،SCOD ، TBOD، SBOD و pH آنها اندازه‌گیری شد. نتایج نشان داد که دما و غلظت فنل تأثیر چشمگیری بر کارایی برکه اختیاری دارند. همچنین کارایی برکه اختیاری با کاهش غلظت فنل و افزایش دما، افزایش پیدا می‌کند (001/0>p). بیشترین و کمترین راندمان حذف فنل توسط این سیستم به‌ترتیب برای غلظت 0 تا 28 میلی‌گرم در لیتر در دمای بالا، 8/71 درصد و 200 تا 260 میلی‌گرم در لیتر در دمای پایین، 66/14 درصد به‌دست آمد. نتیجه بررسی نشان داد  که برکه تثبیت اختیاری در مقیاس پایلوت، در صورت راهبری مناسب، قابلیت حذف ترکیبات آلی همراه با غلظت‌های مختلف فنل در دمای بالا را با کارایی زیاد داراست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Performance of the Facultative Stabilization Pond in Removing Phenol from Oil Refinery Effluent

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Dargahi 1
  • Ali Almasi 2
چکیده [English]

Phenol is a highly toxic aromatic compound discharged into the environment through industrial effluents. The natural biological treatment process has been widely used as one of the most feasible, eco-friendly, and cost-effective options for the treatment of pollutants such as phenol. The objective of the present experimental-analytical study was to evaluate the performance of the facultative stabilization pond in removing phenol and other organic compounds from oil refinery effluents. For the purposes of this study, a pilot-scale anaerobic stabilization pond 1.2×0.6×0.55 m in size was constructed of fiberglass sheets 6 mm in thickness. The experiment was run with a hydraulic retention time of 10 days and a hydraulic loading rate of 43.5 l/d. The organic loading rate for the facultative pond was 150 kg/h.day.  Samples were taken after pond operation and seeding when the pond reached its biological stability. Depending on phenol removal levels in the anaerobic stabilization pond, initial phenol concentrations at the inlet to the facultative pond were assumed to be 0-28, 30-80, 90-130, and 150-200 under warm conditions and 100-140, and 200b-260 mg/l in cool conditions. For each sample, the parameters NH3, PO4, and Phenol were measured using the Varian spectrophotometer (model UV-120-02) at the wavelengths of 425, 690, 500 nm, respectively. TCOD, SCOD, TBOD, SBOD, pH, and ORP were also measured according to the standard methods of water and wastewater. The results showed that phenol removal efficiency of the facultative pond was 71.8% for warm temperatures and 14.66% for cool temperatures. It was also found that temperature and phenol concentration significantly affected the performance of the pond. Moreover, its performance was observed to enhance with reducing phenol concentration and increasing temperature (p<0.001). Maximum phenol removal efficiency of the system was recorded at 71.8% for warm temperatures and a low phenol concentration of 0–28 mg/l while its minimum of 14.66% was recorded at a high phenol concentration of 200-260 mg/l under cold weather conditions. Based on the results obtained, it may be concluded that the pilot-scale facultative pond has a high performance in removing organic compounds with different concentrations of phenol under warm weather conditions.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Facultative Stabilization Pond
  • Phenol Bioremediation
  • Oil Refinery Wastewater
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