تأثیر ملاس بر میزان حذف فنل توسط راکتورهای بی‌هوازی در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 مربی و عضو هیئت علمی گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، عضو مرکز تحقیقات توسعه اجتماعی و ارتقا سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی خلخال، اردبیل

2 استاد گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، عضو مرکز تحقیقات توسعه اجتماعی و ارتقاء سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه

4 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه

5 استادیار گروه آمار زیستی، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی کرمانشاه

6 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، HSE مدیریت اکتشاف شرکت ملی نفت

چکیده

فنل و مشتقات آن از جمله مواد سمی هستند که در اثر پیشرفت زندگی انسان و توسعه صنعتی ناشی از آن، به منابع مختلف محیطی راه پیدا کرده‌اند. هدف از این پژوهش، تأثیر ملاس بر میزان حذف فنل توسط راکتورهای بی‌هوازی در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی بود. در این پژوهش، از پنج راکتور بسته( 5 ارلن مایر مجهز به سیستم کنترل نفوذ هوا و گاز) در مقیاس آزمایشگاهی استفاده شد. حجم راکتورها ثابت و حجم نهایی محتویات هر راکتور 550 میلی‌لیتر بود. در راکتورها، فنل با غلظت ثابت 100 میلی‌گرم در لیتر در مجاورت ملاس چغندر قند (ماده آلی قابل تجزیه زیستی به‌عنوان سابستریت کمکی) وCOD  با غلظت‌های10000، 5000 ، 2000 ، 1000 و 500 میلی‌گرم در لیتر تحت شرایط بی‌هوازی مورد آزمایش قرار گرفت. برای هر غلظت از ماده آلی قابل تجزیه زیستی و فنل با غلظت ثابت، 5 زمان ماند (10 ، 20، 30، 40 و 50 روز) برای راکتورها در نظر گرفته شد. تمامی مراحل نمونه‌برداری و انجام آزمایش‌ها در این پژوهش مطابق با دستورالعمل‌های کتاب روشهای استاندارد انجام شد. در هر پنج راکتور با گذشت زمان، غلظت اولیه فنل و  CODکاهش پیوسته‌ای نشان داد، ولی برای هر زمان ماند مشخص با افزایش غلظت COD اولیه، میزان حذف آن کاهش یافت. افزایش غلظت COD اولیه تا یک محدوده مشخص با افزایش مواد آلی اکسیژن‌خواه همراه بود و بعد از این محدوده، از میزان حذف COD به آرامی کاسته شد. این پژوهش نشان داد میزان حذف فنل نیز با افزایش زمان ماند افزایش دارد، ولی با افزایش غلظت ماده قابل تجزیه زیستی متناسب نیست. پس از گذشت 50 روز در مجاورت 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر سابستریت کمکی، میزان حذف فنل در راکتورها به 62/98 درصد رسید. نتیجه بررسی نشان داد که بالاترین میزان حذف فنل در راکتورها در زمان ماند 50 روز و در غلظت‌های 1000 تا 2000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر COD قابل تجزیه زیستی، رخ می‌دهد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Effect of Molasses on Phenol Removal Rate Using Pilot-Scale Anaerobic Reactors

نویسندگان [English]

  • Abdollah Dargahi 1
  • Ali Almasi 2
  • Mohammad Soltanian 3
  • parisa Zarei 4
  • Amir Hossein Hashemian 5
  • Hafez Golestanifar 6
چکیده [English]

With the growing industrial and social development through time, toxic substances such as phenol and its derivatives are increasingly released into the environment from a variety of sources. The present study aims to investigate the effects of molasses on phenol removal. For this purpose, five pilot scale batch reactors (5 Erlenmeyer flasks equipped with the air and gas diffusion control system) were used in the laboratory scale. The volumes of the reactors were kept constant with a final volume content of 550 ml in each reactor. Phenol with a fixed concentration of 100 mg/l was tested under anaerobic conditions in each reactor in contact with beet molasses (organic matter used as the auxiliary substrate) with COD concentrations of 10000, 5000, 2000, 1000, and 500 mg/l over 5 retention times (10, 20, 30, 40, and 50 days). All the sampling and testing procedures wer e performed according to the standard methods. The results showed that in all the five experimental reactors, increasing retention time was accompanied by a continuous decline in initial phenol and COD concentrations. However, for each retention time, increasing COD concentration led to a decrease in COD removal efficiency such that increasing the initial COD concentration up to a certain level was associated with an increase in chemical oxygen demanding materials, but beyond this range, COD removal decreased slowly. It was also found that phenol removal increased with increasing retention time but it was not proportional to the concentration of the biodegradable COD. After 50 days of contact with 1000 mg/l of the supporting substrate, phenol removal in the reactors reached 98.62%. Another finding of the study was the fact that the highest phenol removal was achieved when 1000-2000 mg/l of biodegradable COD was used over 50 days of retention time

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Phenol
  • Molasses
  • COD
  • Anaerobic Reactor

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 25، شماره 4 - شماره پیاپی 4
پیاپی: 92
مهر و آبان 1393
صفحه 2-12

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