بررسی مکانیسم‌های حذف در تصفیه فاضلاب پالایشگاه نفت توسط سیستم MBBR

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته دکترای مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران و استادیار دانشگاه ملایر

2 استاد دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

چکیده

تصفیه فاضلاب‌های حاوی هیدروکربن‌های نفتی به‌دلیل سمیت این نوع فاضلاب‌ها و تبعات خطرناکی که برای محیط‌زیست دارد ضروری است. یکی از سیستم‌های بیوفیلمی که در تصفیه فاضلاب‌های مختلف، مقاومت خوبی در برابر شوک‌های سمی و هیدرولیکی دارد، راکتور بیوفیلمی با بستر متحرک است. در تحقیق حاضر نقش سه مکانیسم عریان‌سازی، جذب توسط توده زیستی و تجزیه بیولوژیکی در راکتور بیوفیلمی با آکنه‌های پلی‌اتیلنی لانه‌زنبوری به‌منظور تصفیه فاضلاب پالایشگاه نفت تهران بررسی شد. براساس نتایج حاصل از این تحقیق، مقدار بهینه عوامل بارگذاری ((TPH 278 میلی‌گرم در لیتر با COD معادل 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر، زمان ماند 22 ساعت ‌و درصد پرشدگی آکنه 50 درصد به‌دست آمد. بررسی‌های آزمایشگاهی تأیید نمود که در حذف هیدروکربن‌های نفتی، هر سه مکانیسم عریان‌سازی، جذب و تجزیه بیولوژیکی بسته به غلظت هیدروکربن‌های نفتی به میزان مختلف تأثیرگذاراند. به‌طوری که مکانیسم غالب حذف، در بارگذاری‌های کمتر (TPH برابر 57 میلی‌گرم در لیتر با COD معادل 200 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) تجزیه بیولوژیکی و در بارگذاری‌های بالاتر (TPH برابر 278 میلی‌گرم در لیتر با COD معادل 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر)، عریان‌سازی بود. در شرایط بهینه میزان حذف هر یک از سه مکانیسم در TPH برابر 278 میلی‌گرم در لیتر (با COD معادل 1000 میلی‌گرم در لیتر) به‌ترتیب عریان‌سازی با 58 درصد، تجزیه بیولوژیکی با 29 درصد و جذب بیولوژیکی با 13 درصد به‌دست آمد. نتایج به‌دست آمده نشان می‌دهد، حذف هیدروکربن‌های نفتی از طریق مکانیسم عریان‌سازی و جذب بیولوژیکی حداکثر طی ساعت اول فرایند اتفاق می‌افتد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Removal Mechanisms Involved in the Petroleum Refinery Wastewater Treatment by MBBR System

نویسندگان [English]

  • AmirHossein Sayahzadeh 1
  • Hossein Ganjidoust 2
  • Bita Ayati 3
1 PhD of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, and Assist. Prof. of Environmental Eng., Malayer University
2 Prof. of Civil and Environmental Eng., Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
3 Assoc. Prof. of Civil and Environmental Eng., Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
چکیده [English]

Effluents bearing petroleum hydrocarbons must be treated prior to release into the environment due to the high toxicity of these compounds and the consequent hazards they pose to the receiving environment. The moving bed biofilm reactor (MBBR) is one of the several biofilm systems used in treating different types of wastewater that offers a good resistance to both toxic and hydraulic shocks. This study investigates the roles of the three air stripping, adsorption, and biodegradation mechanisms in the biofilm reactor using polyethylene sponge strips used as the biomass to treat the effluent from Tehran Refinery. Results and discussion: Based on the results obtained, the optimum values of loading rate, retention time, and media filling ratio were equal to TPH=278 mg/L (COD=1000 mg/L), 22 hours, and 50 percent, respectively. Laboratory studies confirmed that each of the three mechanisms of air stripping, adsorption, and biodegradation may be involved in the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons by the MBBR system depending on hydrocarbon concentrations. More specifically, biological degradation was the dominant removal mechanism with lower loading rates (TPH=57 mg/l with a COD equal to 200 mg/l) while stripping became the dominant mechanism at higher loading rates (TPH=278 mg/l with a COD equal to 1,000 mg/l). It was found that under optimum conditions and at TPH=278 mg/L (and COD=1,000 mg/l), stripping removed 58%; biodegradation, 29%; and adsorption, 13% of the petroleum hydrocarbon content. It was observed that the removal of petroleum hydrocarbons by stripping and adsorption processes took place within the first process hour at the latest.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • TPH
  • COD
  • Stripping
  • Biodegradation
  • Adsorption
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