بررسی کارایی فرایند اسمز معکوس در حذف فلوراید از آب آشامیدنی

نوع مقاله : یاداشت‌ فنی

نویسندگان

1 کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

2 استاد گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

3 استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

4 دانشیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تهران

چکیده

غلظت فلوراید آب آشامیدنی یکی از پارامترهای مؤثر در سلامت است، لذا یافتن راهی برای حذف فلوراید بیش از مقدار استاندارد از آب آشامیدنی از اهداف مهم در پروژه‌های تأمین آب است. امروزه با پیشرفت تکنولوژی و دستیابی به روشهای نوین استفاده از فرایندهای غشایی به‌منظور تهیه آب سالم و بهداشتی گسترش بسیاری یافته است. در این مطالعه کارایی غشای اسمز معکوس در حذف فلوراید از آب مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. غلظت اولیه فلوراید، غلظتهای متفاوت سولفات و هدایت الکتریکی آب آشامیدنی و نقش نوع کاتیون همراه با یون فلوراید، پارامترهایی هستند که اثر آنها بر راندمان حذف فلوراید توسط این غشاء مورد مطالعه قرار گرفت.کلیه آزمایش‌ها بر اساس روشهای استاندارد انجام شد و برای اندازه‌گیری غلظت فلوراید نیز از روش SPADNS استفاده شد. نتایج حاصل از انجام آزمایش‌‌ها نشان داد که با افزایش غلظت فلوراید، سولفات و هدایت الکتریکی، راندمان حذف فلوراید کاهش می‌یابد، به‌علاوه راندمان حذف یون فلوراید برای نمک فلورید کلسیم بیشتر از فلورید سدیم است.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Fluoride Removal from Water by Reverse Osmosis Membrane

نویسندگان [English]

  • Sara Namavar 1
  • Simin Nasseri 2
  • Amir Hossein Mahvi 3
  • Ramin Nabizadeh 4
  • Mohammadhadi Dehghani 3
چکیده [English]

As fluoride concentration in drinking water is one of the effective parameters in human health, finding the way to remove excess amount of fluoride from drinking water is very important in water supply projects. Today, with developing in technology and finding new methods, the use of membrane technology for producing fresh water get improved. In this study the efficiency of reverse osmosis method to remove fluoride from water was investigated. Initial concentration of fluoride, sulfate and electrical conductivity in feed water and the effect of associated cation with fluoride ion were studied. All tests adapted from “Standard Methods for Examination of Water and Wastewater”. Determination of fluoride concentration was done according the standard SPANDS method by using a spectrophotometer DR/5000. Obtain results show that with increasing in concentration of fluoride and sulfate and electrical conductivity in feed water the efficiency of RO membrane to remove fluoride reduced. In addition, this efficiency for CaF2 was higher than NaF.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Defluoridation
  • Membrane Technology
  • Reverse Osmosis
  • Water Treatment
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