آسیب‌پذیری آبهای زیرزمینی از آفت‌کشها و رتبه‌بندی و دسته‌بندی آنها(مطالعه موردی)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استاد، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران

2 استادیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران و محیط زیست، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران

3 دانشیار، دانشکده مهندسی عمران، دانشگاه صنعتی شریف، تهران

چکیده

در این تحقیق، ابتدا ضمن توصیف روشهای مختلف ارزیابی میزان آسیب‌پذیری آبهای زیرزمینی از آفت‌کشها و عدم قطعیت آنها، آسیب‌پذیری آبهای زیرزمینی دشت کشاورزی زیر پوشش شبکه آبیاری و زهکشی سد پاشاکلا (البرز) در استان مازندران از 7 آفت‌کش مختلف در شرایط متعارف مشخصات آفت‌کشها (t1/2 , Koc) به‌روش شاخصهای پتانسیل حرکت ارزیابی شد و پهنه‌بندی آسیب‌پذیری آبهای زیرزمینی این دشت با استفاده از نرم‌افزار سیستم اطلاعات جغرافیایی انجام‌ شد. سپس با توجه به عدم قطعیت مشخصات آفت‌کشها و کمبودهای اطلاعاتی برای استفاده از روشهای رایج تحلیل عدم قطعیت، شاخصهای پتانسیل حرکت آفت‌کشها در سناریوهای بدترین و بهترین شرایط از مشخصات آفت‌کشها محاسبه شد که به‌ترتیب "آسیب‌پذیری در بدترین شرایط" و "آسیب‌پذیری در بهترین شرایط" نامگذاری شدند. سپس به‌کمک این شاخصهای پتانسیل حرکت، پهنه‌بندی آسیب‌پذیری مجدداً انجام شد و با نقشه‌های پهنه‌بندی اولیه با شرایط متعارف مقایسه گردید. در ادامه با توجه به مقدار منطقه‌ای شاخصهای مختلف حرکت آفت‌کشها که برای سناریوهای مختلف محاسبه شده‌اند، رتبه‌بندی آفت‌کشها به‌روش "برنامه‌ریزی مرکب" انجام شد و در نهایت با تلفیق نتایج بخشهای قبلی، آفت‌کشها به سه گروه مناسب، متوسط و نامناسب دسته‌بندی شدند. نتایج دسته‌بندی‌ها نشان داد که از بین آفت‌کشهای مطالعه شده، 2,4 D Acid، Dimethoate و Fenvalerate برای منطقه مطالعاتی مناسب و Metsulfuron و Triclopyr نامناسب هستند و دیگر آفت‌کشهای مطالعه شده حالت بینابینی دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Groundwater Vulnerability Assessment to Pesticides and Their Ranking and Clustering

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ahmad Abrishamchi 1
  • Hamid Taheri Shahraiyni 2
  • Masoud Tajrishy 3
1 Prof. of Civil Eng., Sharif University of Technology, Tehran
2 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Civil and Environmental Eng., Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran
3 Assoc. Prof., School of Civil Eng., Sharif University of Technology, Tehran
چکیده [English]

In this study, the different methods for groundwater vulnerability assessment to pesticides contamination and their uncertainties were introduced. Then, the groundwater vulnerability of agricultural regions of Pasha-Kolaa dam (Mazandaran province) to 7 pesticides has been assessed by the mobility potential indices in the typical conditions of pesticide properties (t1/2 and KOC) and the zonation maps of groundwater vulnerability in this region have been generated in the GIS environment.  According to the uncertainty of the pesticide properties and the lack of necessary data for uncertainty analysis in the region of study, the mobility potential indices in different scenarios of pesticide properties (worst and best conditions of pesticide properties) (t1/2 and KOC) have been calculated, mapped and zoned. The zonation maps in three scenarios (best, typical and worst conditions of pesticide properties) were compared. Next, according to the regional values of mobility potential indices, generated for different scenarios, the pesticides are ranked using the composite programming method. Finally, the pesticides are clustered to three groups (suitable, transitional and unsuitable) by the combination of the results of previous sections. The clustering results showed that among of studied pesticides, 2,4 D Acid, Dimethoate and Fenvalerate are suitable ,and Metsulfuron and Triclopyr are unsuitable pesticides for region of study. The other pesticides showed transitional condition.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Groundwater vulnerability
  • Uncertainty of Parameters
  • Pesticides
  • Geographic information systems
  • Pesticide Mobility Indices
  • Composite Programming
  • Mazandaran Province
  • Pesticide Ranking
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