1دانشیار، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط و عضو مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، ایران
2دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، ایران
3دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، عضوء کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان، ایران
4دانشجوی دکترای پژوهشی شیمی، دانشکده شیمی و مهندسی شیمی، دانشگاه مالک اشتر تهران
5دانشجوی کارشناشی ارشد شیمی، دانشگاه بین المللی امام خمینی(ره)، قزوین
6کارشناس رشته بهداشت محیط، عضو کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، ایران
7دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد رشته مهندسی بهداشت محیط، عضو کمیته تحقیقات دانشجویی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی همدان، همدان
تاریخ دریافت: 07 آذر 1394،
تاریخ بازنگری: 14 اسفند 1394،
تاریخ پذیرش: 25 اسفند 1394
چکیده
مدل آماری رویه پاسخ، با انجام طراحی مرکزی ترکیبی باعث بهینه‌سازی فرایندها تولید می‌شود. از طرف دیگر حذف ترکیبات دارویی قبل از تخلیه به محیط زیست امری ضروری است. هدف از این مطالعه،بهینه‌سازی حذف ترکیب دارویی سیپروفلوکساسین با فرایند انعقاد الکتروشیمیایی با مدل آماری رویه پاسخ از محیط آبی بود. در این مطالعه، از یک راکتور به‌همراه دو الکترود آهن به‌عنوان آند و دو الکترود تیتانیم به‌عنوان کاتد استفاده شد. الکترودها به‌صورت مونوپلار به دستگاه جریان مستقیم وصل بودند. پارامترهای pH در محدوده 4 تا 8، جریان 5/0 تا 5/1 آمپر DC، غلظت سیپروفلوکساسین 15تا40 میلی‌گرم در لیتر و زمان واکنش 15 تا 30 دقیقه به‌عنوان پارامترهای اصلی طراحی با نرم‌افزارDesign Expert لحاظ شدند. آنالیز FT-IR، تصاویر SEM، میزان حذف COD و تغییرات ایجاد شده در طیف UV- VIS در شرایط بهینه تعیین شد. نتایج مدل‌سازی، بازده 91/85 درصدی به ازای غلظت اولیه سیپروفلوکساسین برابر 15 میلی‌گرم در لیتر در pH برابر 68/7 ، جریان مستقیم الکتریکی برابر 50/1 آمپر و زمان واکنش برابر 30 دقیقه را به‌عنوان بهترین شرایط آزمایش مشخص نمود. میزان حذف COD در این شرایط 64 درصد به‌دست آمد. نتایج به‌دست آمده بر اساس آنالیز FT-IR و تصاویر SEM نشان دهنده انجام تغییرات در طی فرایند است. اسکن طول موج نیز نشان دهنده کاهش غلظت و معدنی‌سازی آلاینده است. بهینه‌سازی با مدل آماری رویه پاسخ باعث کاهش تعداد آزمایش‌ها و افزایش دقت شد. فرایند انعقاد الکتروشیمیایی دارای کارایی مناسبی در حذف سیپروفلوکساسین و COD می‌باشد و می‌توان از این فرایند برای کاهش بار آلودگی فاضلاب قبل از ورود به محیط استفاده کرد.
Optimization of Electrocoagulation via Response Surface Methodology to Remove Ciprofloxacin from Aqueous Media
نویسندگان [English]
Mohammadreza Samarghandi1؛ Ghobad Ahmadidoost2؛ Amir Shabanloo3؛ Saba Majidi4؛ Hadi Rezaee Vahidian4؛ Saeid Maroufi5؛ Mostafa Shahmoradi6؛ Jamal Mehralipour7
1Assoc. Prof. of Environmental Health, Faculty of Public Health, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
2MSc Student of Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan Universty of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
3Former Graduate Student of Environmental Health, Student Research Committee on Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
4PhD Student of Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Tehran Branch, Malek-E-Ashtar University
5MSc Student of Chemistry, Imam Khomeini International University, Ghazvin, Iran
6BS Student of Environmental Health, Student Research Committee on Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
7Former Graduate Student of Environmental Health, Student Research Committee on Environmental Health Engineering, Hamadan University of Meical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran
چکیده [English]
The response surface statistical model developed via the central composite design (CCD) is a tool for optimizing manufacturing processes. Phrmaceutical plants depend on many such processes and i is essential to remove medicinal compounds from their effluents before they are discharged into the environment. The objective of the present study was to employ the response surface model for the optimization of the removal of the pharmaceutical compound ciprofloxacin from aqueous media via the electrochemical coagulation process. In this study, a reactor containing two iron electrodes used as the anode and two titanium ones used as the cathode was employed to remove ciprofloxacin from municipal effluents. The electrodes were connected in a monopolar fashion to a DC power supply. Parameters such as pH (4‒8), current (0.5‒1.5 A), initial ciprofloxacin concentration (15‒40 mg/L), and reaction time (15‒30 min) were introduced into the Design Expert software as the main design parameters. FT-IR analysis was conducted and SEM images were prepared while COD removal and changes in UV-VIS spectrum were determined under optimum conditions. Process modeling was accomplished using the response surface methodology (RSM) which is a statistical model for process optimization drawing upon central composite design (CCD). Modeling results showed that process efficiency was affected by the above parameters and that the optimum conditions for a process efficiency of 85.91% at an initial CIP concentration of 15mg/L would include pH=7.68, a current of 1.5 A, and a reaction time of 30 min. Under these conditions, COD removal efficiency would be 64%. FT-IR analysis and SEM images indicated changes during the process. Wavelength scanning also indicated reducing concentration of the contaminant due to mineralization. The results of the study indicate that optimization by RSM reduces the number of tests required and enhances their accuracy. It was also found that electrocoagulation has a high CIP and COD removal efficiency which makes it capable of being successfully exploited for the removal of organic pollutants from effluents before their discharge into the environment
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آب و فاضلاب شماره 2 سال 1396
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