بررسی میزان آرسنیک موجود در منابع آبی روستاهای شهرریوش و مقایسه با استانداردهای موجود با استفاده ازGIS

نوع مقاله : یاداشت‌ فنی

نویسندگان

1 دانشیار و عضو مرکز تحقیقات علوم بهداشتی، گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی ارشد مهندسی بهداشت محیط، عضو کمیته تحقیقات دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، ایران

3 دانشجوی دکترای بهداشت محیط ، مدرس دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، ایران

4 دانشیار آمار زیستی، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، ایران

5 کارشناسی مهندسی بهداشت محیط، مدرس دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی مشهد، ایران

چکیده

آرسنیک یکی ازخطرناک‌ترین عناصر موجود در آب ‌آشامیدنی است. مصرف آب آلوده به آرسنیک باعث بروز انواع بیماری‌های مختلف از جمله سرطان‌ها می‌شود. این مطالعه به‌منظور بررسی غلظت آرسنیک در منابع آب روستایی شهر ریوش کاشمر انجام گرفت. در این مطالعه توصیفی–تحلیلی مقطعی، 60 نمونه از 10 منبع آب شرب زیرزمینی شهر ریوش در طی ماه‌های اردیبهشت تا مرداد 1392 جمع‌آوری شد. نمونه‌برداری و محافظت نمونه‌ها مطابق با استاندارد متد انجام گرفت و توسط دستگاه جذب اتمی به روش VGA اندازه‌گیری شد. به‌منظور سنجش وجود ارتباط بین غلظت آرسنیک در آب و عواملی همچونpH، کلر باقیمانده، EC،TDS ، شوری و دما این عوامل نیز اندازه‌گیری شد و میزان آرسنیک با استانداردهای ملی و بین المللی مقایسه شد. میانگین غلظت آرسنیک در ایستگاه‌های A،B،C،D،E،F،G،H،I،J به‌ترتیب03/1±53/1،07/1±30/1، 83/3±55/10، 01/5±21/11، 68/3±57/10، 73/0±34/2، 58/0±22/3، 57/3±89/9، 07/5±48/10، 53/0±23/2 میکروگرم در لیتر بود. غلظت آرسنیک در پنج ایستگاه بیشتر از رهنمودهای WHO بود ولی در سایر ایستگاه‌ها بیش از استاندارد ملی نبود. میزان آرسنیک نسبت به استاندارد ملی دارای تفاوت معنی‌دار (001/0>P)، ولی نسبت به استاندارد بین‌المللی تنها 50 درصد ایستگاه‌ها دارای تفاوت معنی‌دار (001/0>P) بودند. همچنین ارتباط معنی‌داری بین غلظت آرسنیک و TDS, EC، دما، شوری و کلر باقیمانده به‌جز pH وجود نداشت. برنامه‌ریزی برای جایگزینی آب آشامیدنی سالم با منابع موجود در مناطقی که میزان آرسنیک بیش از استاندارد بین‌المللی است و همچنین برای کنترل مداوم منابع آبی ضروری است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

GIS-based Assessment of Arsenic Contamination of Water Supplies in Rural Areas of Rivash Town: Comparisons with National and WHO Standards

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Alidadi 1
  • Azam Ramezani 2
  • Batool Moheb Rad 3
  • Ali Akbar Dehghan 3
  • Habibollah Esmaeili 4
  • Shahrbanoo Raffe 2
  • Maryam Dowlatabadi 2
  • Maryam Paydar 5
1 Assoc. Prof., Department of Environmental Health, and Research Staff Member of Health Sciences Research Center, Faculty of Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sceinces, Mashhad, Iran
2 MSc Student of Environmental Health Engineering, and Staff Member of Research Committee, Mashhad University of Medical Sceinces, Mashhad, Iran
3 PhD Student of Environmental Health, and Instructor of Health Faculty Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
4 Assoc. Prof. of Biostatistices, Faculty of Public Health, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
5 BS in Environmental Health Engineering, and Instructor of Health Faculty, Mashhad University of Medical Sceinces, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

Arsenic is one of the most hazardous elements in drinking water. Water contaminated with arsenic causes a variety of diseases in humans including cancer. The present study was conducted to survey Arsenic concentration in rural water resources in Rivash Twon, Kashmar, Iran. For the purposes of this cross-sectional study, 60 samples were collected from 10 underground drinking water supplies during the period from April to June, 2013. Samplings and sample preservation were performed according to standard methods. Measurements were performed via the VGA method using atomic absorption. Such water quality parameters as pH, TDS, EC, residual chlorine, and temperaturte were also measured to determine any relationships likely to exist between As concentration and the parameters measured. As levels were then compared with national and international standards. It was found that the average values of As concentration at the stations A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H, I, and J were 1.53±1.03, 1.30±1.07, 10.55±3.83, 11.21±5.01, 10.57±3.68, 2.34±0.73, 3.22±0.58, 9.89±3.57, 10.48±5.07, and 2.23±0.53 µg/L-1, respectively. As concentrations at five stations were found to be higher than the values recommended in WHO guidelines; the remaining stations revealed values below the national standard. While the differences between As level and the national standard were statistically significant (p<0.001), those between As level and WHO standard were significant (p<0.001) in 50% of the stations studied. Except in the case of pH, no significant relationships were detected between As level and any of the TDS, EC, temperature, salinity, or residual chlorine values. From the results of this study, it may be suggested that it is essential to plan for replacing safe drinking water supplies for the current polluted ones with high AS levels in the district. Controlling the present water supplies on a regular basis is also highly recommended.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Water Contamination
  • ARSENIC
  • Drinking Water Sources
  • Villages of Rivash City

مراجع

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 27، شماره 6 - شماره پیاپی 106
بهمن و اسفند 1395
صفحه 87-91

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