مطالعه آلودگی جیوه در آب، رسوبات و ماهیان تجاری تالاب بین‌المللی هامون

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار علمی گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه حکیم سبزواری، سبزوار

2 کارشناس ارشد گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گناباد

3 کارشناس ارشد گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده شیلات و محیط زیست، دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان

چکیده

بررسی مقدار آلاینده‌ها در ماهیان به‌دلیل مصرف آن توسط انسان از اهمیت خاصی برخوردار است. پژوهش حاضر، به‌منظور تعیین غلظت جیوه در آب، رسوبات و ماهیان تالاب هامون و مقایسه میزان آن با حد مجاز مقدار مرجع انجام گرفت. برای تعیین غلظت جیوه کل از روش آنالیز پیشرفته جیوه (AMA, 254 LECO)، روش استاندارد شماره D-6722  استفاده شد. میانگین غلظت جیوه در عضله آمور، کپور معمولی، فیتوفاگ، سرگنده، شیزوسیپریس و هامون ماهی به‌ترتیب 14/0، 28/0، 15/0، 15/0، 34/0 و 36/0 و در کلیه به‌ترتیب 21/0، 32/0، 22/0، 23/0، 36/0 و 41 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم بود. غلظت جیوه رسوبات در ایستگاه‌های یک، دو و سه به‌ترتیب 39/0، 44/0 و 48 میلی‌گرم در کیلوگرم و غلظت جیوه آب در ایستگاه‌های مذکور به‌ترتیب 06/0، 07/0 و 08/0 میلی‌‌گرم در لیتر برآورد شد. نتایج نشان داد که به‌طور کلی بین غلظت جیوه عضله و کلیه در گونه‌های مختلف، تفاوت معنی‌داری وجود دارد (001/0P<). بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، غلظت‌های جیوه ماهیان، از محدوده پیشنهادی توسط سازمان بهداشت جهانی و سازمان خوار و بار جهانی، اداره غذا و دارو و آژانس حفاظت محیط زیست آمریکا و اتحادیه اروپا کمتر است.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Study of Mercury Pollution in Water, Sediments, and Fish from Hamoon International Wetland

نویسندگان [English]

  • Ghasem Zolfaghari 1
  • Mehri Delsooz 2
  • Sakine Rajaee 3
1 Ass. Prof. of Environmental Technology, Faculty of Environmental Sciences, Hakim Sabzevari University, Khorasan -e- Razavi, Sabzevar
2 MSc of Environmental Health Engineering, School of Public Health, Gonabad University of Medical Sciences, Khorasan -e- Razavi, Gonabad, Iran
3 MSc of Environment, Faculty of Fisheries and Environmental Sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran
چکیده [English]

Contaminant levels in fish are of particular importance because of the potential health risks they pose to human consumers. The presnet study was designed and implemented to determine mercury concentrations in water, sediments, and fish from Hamoon wetland against international standards. For this purpose, the LECO, AMA 254, ASTM Standard D-6722 was used to determine mean Hg concentrations in the muscles of Ctenopharyngodon idella, Cyprinus carpio, Hypophthalmichthys molitrix, Hypophthalmichthys nobilis, Schizocypris altidorsalis, and Schizothorax zardunyi as 0.14, 0.28, 0.15, 0.15, 0.34, and 0.36 mg/kg, respectively, and 0.21, 0.32, 0.22, 0.23, 0.36 and 0.41 mg/kg in their kidneys. Water mercury concentrations at three stations were determined to be 0.06, 0.07, and 0.08 mg/kg while they were 0.39, 0.44, and 0.48 mg/kg in the sediments. Laboratory analysis results showed significant differences in mercury concentrations between fish kidney and muscle (p<0.001). However, these concentrations were found to be below the limits recommended by the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), World Health Organization (WHO), US Food and Drug Administration (FDA), European Union (EU), and the United Kingdom (UK).

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Mercury
  • fish
  • sediments
  • Hamoon International Wetland
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