بررسی میزان سمیت منابع آب زیرزمینی با استفاده از شاخص IRWQIGT، (مطالعه موردی استان سمنان)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه مهندسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

2 دانشجوی کارشناسی بهداشت محیط، دانشکده بهداشت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

3 استادیار مرکز تحقیقات علوم رفتاری و اجتماعی در سلامت، دانشگاه علوم پزشکی شاهرود، شاهرود، ایران

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش، برآورد میزان سمیت منابع آب زیرزمینی استان با استفاده از شاخص IRWQIGT و پهنه‌بندی آن با سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی و از نوع مطالعات توصیفی تحلیلی بود که به‌مدت 14 ماه بر روی منابع آب زیرزمینی استان سمنان انجام شد. برای این منظور، عملیات نمونه‌برداری از تمامی 41 چاه تأمین‌کننده آب شهرهای استان سمنان به‌مدت یک سال به‌صورت ماهی یک بار و در فاصله زمانی مهر ماه 1392 تا مهر 1393 از طریق شیر برداشـت خروجـی از چـاه صورت گرفت. سپس در آزمایشگاه، مقدار پارامترهای شیمیایی مورد نیاز برای تعیین شاخص IRWQIGT شامل آرسنیک، فنل، جیوه، دترجنت، کادمیم، سرب، کروم، سیانید، آهن، منگنز و هیدروکربورهای نفتی با استفاده از روش‌های کتاب استاندارد متد 2008 تعیین و بر اساس آن، مقدار این شاخص محاسبه شد. همچنین با استفاده از سامانه اطلاعات جغرافیایی، نقشه پهنه‌بندی سمیت آبهای زیرزمینی استان سمنان بر اساس شاخص IRWQIGT تهیه شد.  نتایج پژوهش‌ مقدار شاخص IRWQIGT در آبهای زیرزمینی استان سمنان را بین 54/96 تا 2/98 نشان داد و آب منطقه در محدوده بسیار عالی قرار داشت. همچنین مقدار کمینه این شاخص در شهر سرخه، 585/96 و مقدار بیشینه آن در شهر مهدی شهر، 076/98 بود. بر اساس نتایج این پژوهش، به‌طور کلی کیفیت آبهای زیرزمینی استان سمنان در حد بسیار عالی است، مقدار تمام پارامترهای کیفی آب در تمامی منابع آبی استان در حد استاندارد قرار داشته و خطری متوجه شهروندان شهرهای مختلف استان از نظر سمیت آبهای زیرزمینی نیست.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

Using the IRWQIGT Index to Determine Toxicity Levels in Groundwater Resources: A Case Study of Semnan Province

نویسندگان [English]

  • Allahbakhsh Javid 1
  • Niloofar Ghomi Maghsadi 2
  • Aliakbar Roodbari 3
1 Ass. Prof. of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sceinces, Shahroud
2 BS Student of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Public Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sceinces, Shahroud
3 Ass. Prof., Research Center of Behavioral and Social Sciences on Health, Shahroud University of Medical Sciences, Shahroud, Iran
چکیده [English]

The objective of the present descriptive-analytic study was to estimate the toxicity level of the groundwater resources in the Province of Semnan using the IRWQIGT index and its zoning via GIS. The experiments were conducted over the period from October 2013 to October 2014during which time monthly samples were taken from the 41 wells that supply drinking water to the cities and towns in the Province. All the samples were subjected to lab analyses at Semnan Water and Wastewater Laboratory where such chemical parameters as Arsenic, Phenol, Mercury, Detergents, Cadmium, Lead, Chromium, Cyanide, Iron, Magnesium, and TPH were determined according to the procedures of Standard Methods (2008). The measuerments were subsequently used to calculate the groundwater toxicity level index (IRWQIGT). Finally, a zoning map of the IRWQIGT index for Semnan Province was prepared using GIS. Results showed that the IRWQIGT index in Semnan Province ranged between 96.54 and 98.2, indicating an excellent water quality. The lowest (96.585) and highest (98.076) values of IRWQIGT were recorded in the cities of Sorkheh and Mahdishahr, respectively, and that the values for all the parameters were in the standard range. These results indicate that water of excellent quality is available in all the cities in the province so that no toxicity treatment is required.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • IRWQIGT
  • Groundwater
  • Toxicity
  • Semnan
  • Zoning
  • GIS
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