اثر تجمعی لجن فاضلاب بر برخی ویژگی‌های فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار گروه خاک‌شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر، رفسنجان

2 استاد گروه خاک‌شناسی، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه صنعتی اصفهان

3 استادیار گروه زراعت و اصلاح نباتات، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه ولی‌عصر، رفسنجان

چکیده

لجن فاضلاب مقدار نسبتاً زیادی مواد آلی و املاح دارد که بر خصوصیات  فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک تأثیر می‌گذارد و در صورت استفاده بهینه می‌تواند به‌عنوان یک کود ارزان قیمت مورد استفاده قرار گیرد. در ایران مطالعات در زمینه تأثیر لجن فاضلاب بر خواص شیمیایی خاک تا حدودی انجام گرفته است ولی تحقیقات بر روی خواص فیزیکی خاک اندک است. در این پژوهش به‌منظور بررسی تأثیر تجمعی لجن فاضلاب بر هدایت هیدرولیکی، جرم مخصوص ظاهری، پایداری خاکدانه، نفوذ آب در خاک، EC و pH خاک، آزمایشی در قالب طرح بلوک‌های کامل تصادفی با هفت تیمار (صفر، 22/5×1, 22/5×2, 22/5×3,  45×1, 45×2 و 45×3 تن در هکتار لجن فاضلاب) در سه تکرار به‌مدت سه سال انجام گرفت. پس از اعمال تیمار‌ها در سال سوم، خواص فیزیکی و شیمیایی خاک اندازه‌گیری گردید. با افزایش سطح لجن، هدایت هیدرولیکی اشباع خاک، نفوذپذیری، پایداری خاکدانه و EC خاک افزایش و وزن مخصوص ظاهری کاهش یافت. همبستگی معنی‌داری بین مقدار لجن و خصوصیات فیزیکی وجود داشت. در تجزیه به عاملها، مقدار لجن و کلیه خصوصیات فیزیکی خاک با ضرایب بالا در عامل اول یعنی عامل خواص فیزیکی که بیش از 71 درصد واریانس را توجیه می‌کند، حضور یافتند که نشان‌دهنده تأثیر زیاد لجن بر خواص فیزیکی خاک بود. در عامل دوم که عامل pH یا عامل خصوصیات شیمیایی خاک است، فقط pH دارای ضریب بالا بود. عامل دوم 17درصد از واریانس موجود را توجیه نمود و هیچ رابطه‌ای با خواص فیزیکی خاک نشان نداد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله [English]

Cumulative Effects of Sewage Sludge on Soil Physical and Chemical Characteristics

نویسندگان [English]

  • Hossein Shirani 1
  • Mohammadali HajAbbasi 2
  • Majid Afyouni 2
  • Hossein Dashti 3
1 . Assist. Prof. of Soil Sciences, Dept. of Agriculture, ValiAsr University, Rafsanjan
2 Prof. of Soil Sciences, Dept. of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Tech., Isfahan
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Agriculture, Vali Asr University, Rafsanjan.
چکیده [English]

Wastewater sludge has relatively high amounts of organic matter and salts which favorably affect the physical and chemical characteristics of the receiving soil. Hence, it can be used as a cheap fertilizer if properly utilized. A number of studies have been reported in Iran on the effects of sludge on soil chemical properties but few studies have been conducted to investigate its effects on soil physical characteristics. In order to study the cumulative effects of sludge on hydraulic conductivity, bulk density, MWD, soil infiltration, EC, and soil pH, an experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with 7 treatments  ( 1 × 22.5, 2 × 22.5, 3 × 22.5,  1 × 45, 2 × 45 and 3 × 45 ton/ha wastewater sludge) in three replications over three years. The above mentioned traits were measured after the third year of the experiment period. Results showed that increasing amounts of sludge enhanced saturated hydraulic conductivity, soil infiltration, MWD, and EC but decreased bulk density. A significant correlation was observed between the amount of sludge and soil physical characteristics. Factor analysis showed that the amount of sludge and all soil physical characteristics were in first order (physical characteristic factor) which explained 71% of the total variance, indicating the high impact of sludge on soil physical characteristics. The second factor was pH (a chemical characteristic) that explained only 17% of the total variance. Finally, no relationship was found between pH and soil physical characteristics.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Cumulative Effects
  • sewage sludge
  • Soil Physical Characteristic
  • Factor analysis
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شماره 3 سال 1389                                                                                                                        آب و فاضلاب
 
 
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