رتبه‌بندی روش‌های فرهنگ‌سازی مصرف بهینه خانگی آب در کلان‌شهرها با استفاده از مدل تلفیقی Grey-AHP و Grey-TOPSIS

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانش‌آموخته کارشناسی ارشد، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

2 استاد، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، پژوهشکده آب و محیط‌زیست، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

3 استادیار، گروه مهندسی عمران، دانشکده مهندسی، دانشگاه فردوسی مشهد، مشهد، ایران

چکیده

محدود بودن منابع آب از یک سو و افزایش تقاضای مصارف خانگی آب در اثر رشد جمعیت شهری از سوی دیگر، تأمین آب موردنیاز شهروندان در کلان‌شهرها را با مشکل مواجه کرده است. بنابراین ضروری است با استفاده از راهکارهای مدیریت و کنترل مصرف، میزان مصارف خانگی آب در کلان‌شهرها کاهش داده شود. با درک این ضرورت، اصلاح الگوی مصرف آب در کلان‌شهرها می‌تواند به‌عنوان یکی از مؤثرترین راهکارهای عملیاتی، مدنظر قرار گیرد. نخستین گام در این راستا، فرهنگ‌سازی برای مصرف بهینه آب در میان شهروندان و مشترکان آب شهری است. از جمله کاربردی‌ترین شیوه‌های فرهنگ‌سازی مصرف بهینه آب در کلان‌شهرها می‌توان به تبلیغات رسانه‌ای، برگزاری دوره‌های آموزشی برای شهروندان، برگزاری دوره‌های آموزشی در مدارس، توزیع بروشورهای آموزشی در بین مشترکان آب شهری و استفاده از بیلبوردهای تبلیغاتی اشاره کرد. هدف از انجام این پژوهش، رتبه‌بندی شیوه‌های ذکر شده برای تغییر رفتار مصرف آب شهروندان است. ارزیابی و رتبه‌بندی انجام شده در این پژوهش با استفاده از روش تلفیقی تحلیل سلسله مراتبی خاکستری (Grey-AHP) و روش تاپسیس خاکستری (Grey-TOPSIS) انجام شد. در این پژوهش، کلان‌شهر مشهد به‌عنوان مطالعه موردی پژوهش انتخاب شد. بر اساس نتایج به‌دست آمده، تبلیغات رسانه‌ای و استفاده از بیلبوردهای تبلیغاتی مشترکاً به‌عنوان مناسب‌ترین شیوه‌های فرهنگ‌سازی مصرف بهینه آب در شهر مشهد شناخته شدند. شیوه‌های توزیع بروشورهای آموزشی، آموزش در مدارس و برگزاری دوره‌های آموزشی برای شهروندان نیز به‌ترتیب در رتبه‌های دوم تا چهارم قرار گرفتند. شیوه‌های فرهنگ‌سازی مصرف بهینه آب که استفاده از آنها سهولت بیشتری دارد، مناسب‌تر بوده و تأثیر بیشتری بر کاهش مصرف آب دارند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Ranking of Cultural Methods for Optimal Domestic Water Consumption in Metropolitan Cities Using the Integrated Grey-AHP and Grey-TOPSIS Model

نویسندگان [English]

  • Mohsen Kadkhodaei 1
  • Mohammad Reza Jaefarzadeh 2
  • Ali Abbasi 3
1 Former Graduate Student, Dept. of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
2 Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Water and Environment Research Institute, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
3 Assist. Prof., Dept. of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
چکیده [English]

The scarcity of water resources and the increasing demand for household water, as a result of urban population growth, have made it difficult for the citizens to supply the water they need in metropolises. Therefore, it is necessary to reduce the amount of domestic water consumption in metropolitan areas using management and consumption control strategies. One of the most effective methods to modify the pattern of water consumption is changing the consumers’ behavior for efficient water use. (Social) Media advertising, establishing training programs for consumers (citizens), implementing effective training programs in schools, spreading educational brochures among water consumers and and billboard advertising are the most practical approaches to promote water saving behavior in metropolises. The aim of this study is to rank the mentioned methods in changing the water consumption behavior of the citizens. Evaluation and ranking of these methods are carried out applying the integrated method of Grey Analytic Hierarchy Process (Grey-AHP) and Grey-TOPSIS. In this study, Mashhad metropolis was selected as a case study. The results show that (social) media advertising and and billboard advertising are the most influential approaches for promoting the effective consumption of water in Mashhad. Distributing educational brochures, educational materials in schools, and establishing training programs for citizens are ranked second to fourth, respectively. Practical approaches to promote water saving behavior, which are easier to apply, are more appropriate and have a greater influence on reducing water consumption.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Consumption Behavior
  • Domestic Water Consumption
  • Mashhad
  • Grey Analytic Hierarchy Process (Grey-AHP)
  • Grey-TOPSIS Method

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مجله آب و فاضلاب
دوره 32، شماره 1 - شماره پیاپی 132
فروردین و اردیبهشت 1400
صفحه 27-40

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