نقش مجازات در پیشگیری از جرم بهره‌برداری غیرمجاز از منابع آب زیرزمینی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 دانشجوی دکترای حقوق کیفری و جرم‌شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران

2 دانشیار، گروه حقوق کیفری و جرم‌شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، دانشگاه مفید، قم، ایران

3 دانشیار، گروه حقوق کیفری و جرم‌شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، پردیس فارابی دانشگاه تهران، قم، ایران

4 استادیار، گروه حقوق کیفری و جرم‌شناسی، دانشکده حقوق، واحد قم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قم، ایران

چکیده

آنچه در نگاه اول به‌نظر می‌رسد آن است که ضمانت اجرای کیفری یا مجازات، باید دست کم از طریق ارعاب، اصلاح و بازپروراندن در پیشگیری از جرم بهره‌برداری غیرمجاز از منابع آب زیرزمینی تأثیر مثبت داشته باشد. اما نگاهی به آمارهای موجود از ارتکاب جرم موصوف، مشکلاتی را در سیاست جنایی فعلی در قبال آن نشان می‌دهد که می‌تواند ریشه در تکیه به کارایی ضمانت اجراهای کیفری صرف داشته باشد. علاوه بر این، کارایی مجازات‌ها مستلزم برخورداری از ویژگی‌هایی است که جزء ذاتی آنهاست. همچنین، رعایت اصول و معیارهای صحیح جرم‌انگاری و سپس مجازات‌انگاری در وضع و تعیین مجازات ضروری است. بررسی فلسفه وضع مجازات در برخورد با جرم بهره‌برداری غیرمجاز از منابع آب زیرزمینی و میزان صحت به‌کارگیری مجازات در سیاست جنایی موجود در وهله اول و سپس میزان تبعیت مجازات‌های تعیینی از معیارهای بایسته مذکور و نهایتاً بررسی میزان کارایی این مجازات‌ها، در این مقاله مورد بررسی قرار گرفت.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات


عنوان مقاله [English]

The Role of Penalties in Preventing the Unauthorized Exploitation of Groundwater Resources

نویسندگان [English]

  • Farzaneh Moradi 1
  • Seyed Hosein Hashemi 2
  • Seyed Mahmood Mirkhalili 3
  • Shahrdad Darabi 4
1 PhD Student in Criminal Law and Criminology, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
2 Assoc. Prof., Faculty of Law, Mofid University, Qom, Iran
3 Assoc. Prof., Faculty of Law, Farabi Pardis Camp of Tehran University, Qom, Iran
4 Assist. Prof., Faculty of Law, Islamic Azad University, Qom, Iran
چکیده [English]

At first glance, it seems that a criminal or punitive sanction must have a positive effect, at least through intimidation, rehabilitation in preventing the unauthorized exploitation of underground water resources. But look at the statistics available from the commission of a crime reveals many  problems in the current criminal policy against it, which can be rooted in reliance on the effectiveness of criminal proceedings. In addition, the effectiveness of punishments requires the inherent features; the fetus, observance of the proper principles of criminalization and then punishment is  necessary in determining the punishment .The study of the philosophy of punishment in dealing with the crime of unauthorized exploitation of underground water sources and the accuracy of the use of punishment in the criminal policy in the first place, and then the rate of compliance with the penalties imposed by the abovementioned criteria, and ultimately the assessment of the effectiveness of these penalties, is the main subject of this paper.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Criminal Enforcement
  • Unauthorized Exploitation
  • Penalties
  • Penal Policy
  • Criminal Policy
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